| A | B |
|---|
| Patent | license that gives an inventor the exclusive right to make a product for a number of years |
| Anarchist | a radical who opposes all government |
| Social Darwinism | derived from Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection - the belief that society should do as little as possible to interfere with people's pursuit of happiness |
| transcontinental railroad | railway extending from coast to coast |
| Sherman Anti-trust Act | law passed by congress in 1890 that outlawed any combination of companies that restrained interstate trade or commerce |
| monopoly | complete control of a product or service |
| Land speculators | Person who buys up large areas of land in the hope of selling them later for a profit |
| Exoduster | an African American who migrate to the west after the Civil War |
| Nomadic | people who move their homes regularly usually in search of available food sources |
| Reservation | The social and economic transition from wartime to peacetime |
| Assimilation | process by which people of one culture merge into and become part of another culture |
| Boomers | settlers who ran in land races to claim upon the 1889 opening of Indian Territory for settlement |
| Sooners | in 1889 people who illegally claimed land by snaking past government officials before the land races began |
| Homesteader | one who farmed claims under the Homestead Act |
| Soddie | a home whose walls and roof are made from blocks of grass with the thick roots and earth attached |
| Dry farming | techniques to raise crops in areas that receive little rain |
| Money supply | the amount of money in the national economy |
| Deflation | a drop in the prices of goods |
| Interstate Commerce Act | 1887 law passed to regulate railroad and other interstate businesses |
| Alien | A noncitizen |
| Laissez faire | doctrine stating that the government generally should not interfere in private business |
| Quarantine | a time of isolation to prevent the spread of disease |
| Assimilation | process by which people of one culture merge into & become part of another culture |
| Grandfather Clause | Passages in law that exempts a group of people from obeying the law if they had met certain conditions before the law was passed |
| Jim Crow | Statutes beginning in the 1890s that required segregation of public survives by race |
| Literacy | The ability to read and write |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court decision that segregation was legal as long the facilities provided for blacks were equal to those provided to whites |
| Poll Tax | A special fee that must be paid before a person can vote |
| Sharecropping | System of farming where the farmer tends part of a planter's land for a share of the crop at harvest as payment |
| tenant farming | system of farming in which a person rents land to farm from a planter |
| carpetbagger | negetive nickname for a Northern Republican who moved to the South after the Civil War |
| impeach | to charge a public offical with wrong doing in office |
| scalawag | negative nickname for a Southern white Repulican after the Civil War |
| infrastructure | The public property and services that a society uses |
| reconstruction | program implemented by the Fed. Government between 1865 - 67 to repair the damage to the South caused by the Civil War and to restore the Southern states to the Union |
| martial law | emergency rule by military authorization during which some Bill of Rights guarantees are suspended |
| pardon | an official forgiveness for a crime |
| Black Codes | laws that restricted Freedman's rights |
| Nomads | people who move their homes regularly in search of available food source |
| Nationalism | devotion to one's nation |
| Imperialism | policy by a stronger nation to attempt to create an empire by dominating weaker nations economically, politically, culturally or military |
| Banana Republic | term used to describe a Central American nation dominated by the US business interests |
| annex | to join or attach a new territory to an existing country |
| arbitration | settlement of a dispute by a person or panel |
| philantropist | person who gives money to worthy causes |
| lynching | murder of an accused person by a mob without a lawful trial |
| socialism | an economical & political philosophy that favors public or social control of property and income |
| suburbs | residental community surrounding a city |
| Vice | immoral or corrupted behavior |
| prohibition | the ban on the manufacture or sell of alcoholic beverages |
| casualties | military term for a person killed, wounded, captured or missing in action |
