| A | B |
|---|
| % of world's oil reserves and gas reserves | 70%;33% |
| what happens on the Nile River that brings rich soil to the area | flooding |
| Mesopotamia | "the land between two rivers" |
| desert | precipitation of less than 10 inches per year |
| bazaar | a traditional marketplace |
| mosque | Islamic house of public worship |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing system that used pictures and symbols |
| monotheism | belief in only one God |
| aquifer | underground water-bearing layer of porous rock |
| oasis | small area in the desert in which water and vegetation can be found |
| % of Egypt's people living on the Nile River | 90% |
| prophet | a person believed to be a messenger of God |
| alluvial soil | rich soil made of sand and mud deposited by running water |
| embargo | complete ban on trade with another country |
| desalination | the process of removing salt from seawater |
| domesticate | to adapt plants and animals from the wild to make them useful to people |
| sumerians | civilization that emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| Caspian Sea | largest inland body of water on earth |
| fertile crescent | located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| alluvial soil | rich soil made of sand and mud deposited by running water |
| Nile River | world's longest river |
| ethnic diversity | differences among groups of people based on their origins, languages, customs, or beliefs |
| oil reserve | An available supply of oil |
| percentage of Middle East covered by desert | 50% |
| ancient capital of Israelites | Jerusalem |
| black gold | oil |
| 3 main religions in Middle East | Judaism, Christianity, Islam |
| What country did the US help to attack in 2001 | Afghanistan |
| taliban | Radical Muslim group |
