| A | B |
|---|
| force theory | state is created by the force of the military |
| dictatorship | form of gov. in which all powr is vested in a few persons |
| totalitarian | ? |
| democracy | the people hold the power and the majority will give consent to rule |
| evolutionary theory | state created overtime through family ties |
| divine right theory | state is created through the will of God |
| social contract theory | state is created by having an agreemet between people and their government |
| parts that make up a state | l. population 2. territory 3. soverignty 4. government |
| limited government | colonists brought with them the idea that vo. should not be all powerful |
| 3/5ths compromise | a black slave would count as 3/5 of a person for purpose of representation and taxation |
| the Connecticut Compromise | combination of Va. and New Jersey plans |
| anti federalists | opposed ratification (Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, John Hancock) |
| How many Const. amendments? | there are 27 |
| 15th amendment | no denial of vote because of race, color or previousl enslavement |
| 19th amendment | woman's right to vote |
| 26th amendment | age 18 can vote |
| 14th amendment | citizenship, due process, equal protection |
| The Bill of Rights | lst 10 amendments; freedom of belief, expressions, and security of person |
| Checks in balances | each branch is subject to all of constitutional checks by the other branches |
| separation of powers | legislative (Congress); executive (President) judicial (courts) |
| federalism | division of power among a central vog. and several regional governments |
| delegated powers | powers granted to national gov in the Constitution |
| division of powers | basic principle of federalism; gov. powers divided on GEOGRAPHIC basis between states and national gov. |
| concurrent powers | powers that both national and state have and exercise |
| inherent powers | belong to national gov. because it is gov. of a soverign state within the world community |
| expressed powers | delegated to national gov. in so many words; spelled out in the Constitution |
| reserved powers | powers that the Constitution does not grant national gov. and does not at the same time deny to states |
| revenue sharing | form of monetary aid Congress gives annual share of huge federal tax revenue to states, cities, counties, and townships |
| federal grant in aid | grants of money from naitonal gov. to states or other local gov and may be categorial and conditional |
| project grant | grants made to staes, localities and private agencies that apply for them |
| interstate compact | agreements among themselves with foreign states |
| categorical grant | made for specific cloely defined purpose (school lunches, water treatment plants) |
| implied powers | not expressly stated in the Constitution but reasonably suggested --implied by the expressed powers |
| the privileges and immunities clauses | Constitution stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain privileges and immunities regardless of state and residence |
| the full faith and credit clause | Constitution requirement that each state accept the public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other state |
| act of admission | an act created to admit a new state Pres. signs the new state enters the union |
| grants in aid | grants of federal money or other resources to states, cities, counties, and other local units |
| extradition | legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned ot that state; prevents person from escaping justice by fleeing a state |
| block grants | federal grants to states or other local governments iwth broadly defined puproses and with few conditions |
| admitting a new state | 1. petition Congress for admission 2. pass an enable act 3. framing a state constitution 4. approval of Constitution by area's voters 5. pass act of admission |
| third parties | does not have a lot of voter support |
| nomination by petition | minor parties can run if they get signatures |
| voting machines | electronic vote, punch card ballot, vote by mail, on line voting |
| Why use voting machines? | use to minimize errors; avoid voter intimidation; reduce number of people needed to work elections; give some secrecy |
| the two party system | political system dominated by 2 major parties |
