| A | B |
|---|
| new england colonies | settled to escape religious persecution in europe |
| direct democracy | government practiced in new england colonies |
| town meetings | new england colonies |
| roger williams | founded rhode island |
| mayflower compact | document written by pilgrims |
| middle colonies | melting pot, many different cultures |
| purpose of settling virginia | economic opportunities |
| first permanent english settlement | jamestown, va |
| house of burgesses | elected assembly with law making power |
| house of burgesses today | the general assembly |
| jamestown | founded 1607 |
| french | had good relations with american indians |
| early new england colonies | did not have slavery |
| middle colonies | multi-ethnic, diverse religions, diverse economic opportunities |
| settlement of jamestown, va | settled in 1607, tobacco was cash crop, captain john smith helped colony survive |
| jamestown, va | economic opportunities, cavaliers received large land grants, created an agricultural economy |
| spain control lands | mexico, the caribbean, central and south america |
| slavery in the colonies | plantation economy, indentured servants arrive first, |
| middle colonies | pennsylvania, new york, massachuetts |
| puritains | hard work and thrift |
| catholics | based in maryland |
| southern colonies | plantations |
| social status in southern colonies | family status |
| middle passage | crowded, unsanitary, inhumane |
| indentured servant | traded years of lavor in return for passage to the colonies |
| middle passage | method in which most slaves arrived in america |
| social structure in new england colonies | religious standing |
| new england economy based on | fishing |
| great awakening | religious revival throughout the 13 colonies |
| economic characteristics in southern colonies | private property |
| large landowners | dominated government in southern colonies |
| enlightenment philosophers believed power to rule resides | parliament - congress |
| thomas paine | wrote common sense |
| thomas jefferson | wrote the declaration of independence |
| declaration of independence | all men are created equal; they are endowed by their creator |
| people have right to abolish or alter government if | government becomes destructive |
| john locke | natural rights |
| natural rights | life, liberty, property |
| social contract | relationship between the people and their government |
| ideas for declaration of indenpendence | came from thomas jefferson, john locke, thomas paine |
| lexington and concord | first battle of american revolution |
| patriots | wanted independence from england |
| result of french and indian war | england won, forcing france to leave the american colonies |
| proclamation of 1763 | prevented the colonists from moving west of the appalachian mountains |
| stamp act | raise taxes to help pay for the french and indian war |
| boston massacre | british soldiers fire upon colonists |
| boston tea party | form of protest for an unfair tax |
| boston | city that was the dissent against england |
| battle of yorktown | last battle of american revolution in 1781 |
| battle of saratoga | turning point of the american revolution |
| france | gave aid to colonists |
| articles of confederation | created only legislative branch |
| articles of confederation votes | states had only one vote |
| problem with the articles of confederation | national government was too weak and states had most of the power |
| the articles of confederation | first constitution that created the united states |
| three fifths compromise | slaves would be counted a 3/5ths of the population when determing representation in congress |
| separation of powers and checks and balances | prevent any one branch of government from gaining too much power |
| george washington | chairman of the constitutional convention |
| father of the constitution | james madison |
| great compromise | two house congress; a senate and a house of representatives |
| james madison | wrote the bill of rights |
| we, the people of the united states, in order to form a more perfect union,... | the preamble to the constitution of the united states |
| three branches of the government | legislative, executive, judiciary |
| population of the state | determines the number of members elected to the house of representatives |
| federal form of government | divide power between levels of government |
| anti-federalists | opposed the constitution |
| federalists | supported the constitution |
| thomas jefferson | wrote the virginia statue of religious freedom |
| bill of rights | first 10 amendments to the constitution |
| george mason | wrote the virginia declaration of rights |
| virginia statute of religious freedom | outlawed government sponsored church or religion |
| reason bill of rights added to the constitution | set clear limits to the powers of the new federal government |
| mcculloch v. maryland | government institutions can not tax each other |
| purpose of lewis an dclark expedition | survey the louisiana purchase and to gather scientific evidence |
| sacajewea | native american woman who served as a guide for lewis and clark |
| impressment | british sailors would force american sailors to join the british navy |
| united states aquired florida | through purchase from spain in the adams-onis treaty |
| monroe doctrine | europe would not interfere in the western hemisphere |
| manifest destiny | belief the the u.s. expansion to the pacific ocean was right |
| result of cotton gin | increased the level of slavery |
| trail of tears | grueling journey of tribes relocated to reservations in oklahoma |
| 1803 purchase from france | louisiana purchase |
| 1819 purchase from spain | florida |
| 1845 annexed from mexico | texas |
| democratic republicans | led by thomas jefferson, supported farmers |
| monroe doctrine | u.s. would stay out of european affairs |
| national bank | created by hamilton |
| eli whitney | invented the cotton gin machine |
| panic of 1837 | economic situation that resulted from bank failures |
| spoils system | rewarding friend with jobs |
| removal of american indians | to reservations in oklahoma |
| dred scott decision | enraged northerners |
| house divided | u.s. could not survive half-free, half-slave |
| seneca falls convention | women's rights movement |
| north | industrial economy by mid 19th century |
| abolitionists of the 19th century | stowe, douglass, garrison |
| william lloyd garrison | the liberator |
| uncle tom's cabin | caused northerners to oppose slavery |
| popular sovereignty | people decide if the want slavery or not |
| compromise of 1850 | california entered as free state |
| fugitive slave act | allowed southerners to enter north to hunt for escaped slaves |
| secede | southern states that left the union (u.s.) |
| south carolina | first state to secede |
| south attack fort sumter | beginning of civil war |
| reason lincoln went to war | to preserve the union |
| confederacy advantages | soldiers defending their land, had better trained generals |
| robert lee | confederate general |
| gettysburg | turning point of the war |
| ulysses grant | commander of union troops |
| appomattox | lee surrendered to grant |
| four score and seven years ago | lincoln's speech - u.s. declared its independence |
| britain did not support slavery | didn't allign with the confederacy |
| south | suffered the most from the civil war |
| 13th amendment | ended slavery |
| 14th amendment | african american became citizens |
| 15th amendment | right to vote |
