| A | B |
|---|
| clavicle | the collarbone |
| phalanges | outermost bones of the fingers and toes |
| mandible | the jawbone |
| pelvis | the hipbone |
| scapula | the shoulderbone |
| tibia | lower leg bone; thicker of the two "brothers" |
| fibula | lower leg bone; thinner of the two "brothers" |
| metacarpals | middle bones of the hand |
| metatarsals | middle bones of the toes |
| tarsals | toe bones |
| carpals | hand bones |
| cranium | the skull; the "brain cage" |
| ribs | bones which protect the heart, lungs and other organs inside the chest |
| sternum | the "breast plate"; connects the ribs; center bone of the chest |
| humerus | the upper arm bone; the "funny bone" |
| radius | lower arm bone; (on thumb side) |
| ulna | lower arm bone; (on pinky side) |
| vertebrae | backbones |
| femur | leg bone; longest bone in the body |
| skeletal system | bones, cartilage and the connective tissue that holds bones together |
| human skeleton | on average, adult skeleton consists of 206 bones |
| osteoblasts | living bone cells which deposit minerals |
| compact bone | dense bone tissue without any visible openings |
| spongy bone | bone tissue with many visible openings |
| marrow | soft tissue found inside of bones; red marrow makes blood cells and yellow stores fat |
| cartilage | soft tissue from which most bones start out; found in your ear lobes and in the tip of your nose |
| joint | a place where two bones meet |
| fixed joint | allows little or no movement; found in skull |
| hinge joint | one-way movement like a door hinge; found in your knees |
| ball-and-socket joint | allows a bone to move freely in all directions; action of a video game joystick; found in the shoulder |
| gliding joint | allow bones to glide over one another; found in the hand |
| ligaments | strong elastic bands of connective tissue; connect the bones in a joint |
| osteoporosis | disease that causes bones to become weak over time and break easily |
| arthritis | painful swelling of the joints; found often in older people |
| sprain | injury in which a ligament is stretched too far or torn |
