| A | B |
|---|
| proteins | long chains of amino acids that fold into unique shapes;RNA helps to assemble these |
| peptide bond | covalent bond that holds amino acids together |
| polypeptide | chain of amino acids before folding |
| primary structure | sequence of amino acids |
| secondary structure | unique folding due to pattern of hydrogen bonding; alpha helix and beta pleated sheet |
| teritary structure | irregular bending and folding of polypeptide chain |
| quarternary structure | protein composed of more than one polypeptide molecule |
| denaturation | altering of structure of protein due to chemicals, acids, extreme heat |
| glycoprotein | protein with carbohydrate attached |
| lipoprotein | protein with lipid attached |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up reactions |
| nucleic acids | DNA and RNA |
| nucleotide | subunits of nucleic acids madeof a phosphate group, sugar, and base |
| Bases in DNA | adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine |
| Bases in RNA | adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine |
| deoxyribose | 5 carbon sugar in DNA |
| ribose | 5 carbon sugar in RNA |
| double helix | model to explain that DNA is two stranded and twisted |
| complementary base pairing | A with T; and G with C |
| genome | all genes of a cell |
| DNA | double stranded, stay in nucleus, serves as basis for genetic code |
| RNA | single stranded; takes code from DNA to direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm on a ribosome |
