| A | B |
|---|
| Selective Breeding | a method of improving a species by allowing only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
| sticky ends | unpaired nucleotides left after cutting with a restriction enzyme |
| DNA ligase | Enzyme used to attach two different sticky ends |
| reverse transcriptase | enzyme which can convert RNA into cDNA |
| Genetic Engineering | the process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms |
| Restriction Enzyme | the enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides |
| cDNA | Single stranded DNA made from an RNA template |
| Recombinant DNA | DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources |
| Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | the technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a perticular gene |
| Plasmid | the circular DNA molecule found in bacteria |
| Genetic Marker | the gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry a plasmid with foreign DNA from those that don't |
| Transgenic | a term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms |
| Clone | a member of a population of genetically identical organisms produced from a single cell |
| vector | method used to insert DNA into a new species |
| Antibiotic resistance | The marker genes normally used in genetic engineering of bacteria |
| Gene probe | single stranded DNA with the same sequence as the required gene |
| gene library | A set of thousands of DNA fragments from one organism |
