| A | B |
|---|
| open range | vast areas of grassland owned by the federal government |
| long drive | driving cattle long distances to a railroad depot for fast transport and great profit |
| homestead | method of acquring a piece of U.S. public land by living on and cultivating it |
| nomad | a person who continually moves from place to place, usually in search of food |
| allotment | a plot of land assigned to an individual or family for cultivation |
| gross national product | the total value of goods and services produced by a country during a year |
| laissez-faire | policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy |
| corporation | an organization that is authorized by law to carry on an activity but acts as though it were a single person |
| vertical integration | the combining of companies that supply equipment and services needed for a particular industry |
| horizontal integration | the combining of competing firms into one corporation |
| monopoly | total control of a type of industry by one person or one company |
| bonanza farm | a large, highly-profitable wheat farm |
| political machine | an organization linked to a political party that often controlled local government |
| graft | the acquisition of money in dishonest ways, as in bribing a politician |
| philanthropy | providing money to support humanitarian or social goals |
| Americanization | causing someone to acquire American traits and characteristics |
| patronage | another name for the spoils system, in which government jobs or favors are given out to political allies and friends |
| populism | political movement founded in the 1890s representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other large industry |
| inflation | the loss of the value of money |
| deflation | a decline in the volume of available money or credit that results in lower prices, and therefore increases the buying power of money |
| graduated income tax | tax based on the net income of an individual or business and which taxes different income levels at different rates |
| segregation | the seperation or isolation of race, class, or group |
| Jim Crow laws | statutes or laws created to enforce segregation |
| imperialism | the actions used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over a smaller or weaker nation |
| protectorate | a country that is technically independent but is actually under the control of another country |
| progressivism | political movement that crossed party lines which believed that industrialism and urbanization had created many social problems and that government should take a more active role in dealing with these problems |
| referendum | the practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| prohibition | laws banning the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages |
| socialism | belief that business should be publicy owned and run by the government |
