| A | B |
|---|
| Functions of the skeletal system | Support, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell formation |
| Hematopoisis | Blood cell formation |
| Two types of bone tissue | Compact and spongy |
| Long bones | Longer than wider, primarily compact bone, examples include thigh, leg, arm, forearm, and fingers |
| Short bones | Cube shaped, primarily spongy bone, examples include the wrist and ankle |
| Flat bones | Thin, flattened, often curved, middle layer of spongy bone, most of these types of bones are located in the cranium |
| Irregular bones | Bones not classified in any other categories |
| Diaphysis | The shaft of a long bone |
| Epiphysis | The expanded portion at each end of the diaphysis |
| Periosteum | The outer surface of long bones |
| Endosteum | The surface of the medullary cavity is lined with this membrane |
| Osteoblasts | Bone-forming cells |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells |
| Osteoclasts | Break down and reabsorb bone |
| Endochondral ossification | The replacement of hyaline cartilage with bony tissue |
| Apposititional growth | The increase in diameter of bones |
| Axial skeleton | Form the vertical axis of the body |
| Appendicular skeleton | Includes the free appendages and their attachments to the axial skeleton |
| There are _ cervical vertebrae | 7 |
| There are _ thoracic vertebrae | 12 |
| There are _ lumbar vertebrae | 5 |
| There are _ sacrum vertebrae | 5 |
| There are _ coccyx vertebrae | 4 |
| The last part of the vertebral column | Coccyx |
| A triangular bone just below the lumbar vertebrae | Sacrum |
| The part of the vetebrae that makes up part of the vertebral column in the small of the back | Lumbar |
| Facets located on the bodies and transverse processes, for articulation withe the ribs | Thoracic |
| Clavicle | Commonly called the collarbone |
| Pectoral girdle | Consists of an anterior clavicle and a posterior scapula |
| Scapula | Commonly called the shoulder blade |
| Acromion process | Articulates with the clavicle, is a site for muscle attachment, and forms the point of the shoulder |
| Coracoid process | Forms a hook that projects forward under the clavicle and serves as a place for muscle attachments |
| Brachium | The region between the shoulder and the elbow |
| Styloid process | An attachment point for ligaments of the wrist |
| Os Coxae | Comprised of the ilium, pubis, and ischium |
| Closed reduction | Displaced fracture brought into normal position by physical manipulation without surgery |
| Open reduction | Surgery is necessary to exposwe the fractured bone fragments and bring them into normal alignment |
| Articulation | Where two bones come together |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of a bursa |
| Bursae | Fluid-filled sacs that act as a cushion and help reduce friction |
| Synarthroses | Immovable joints |
| Amphiarthroses | Slightly moveable joints |
| Diarthroses | Freely moveable joints |
