| A | B |
|---|
| phospholipids | most abundant molecule in the cell membrane; hydrophilic heads (phosphate groups) and hydrophobic tails (fatty acids) |
| hydrophobic | water hating; nonpolar molecule |
| hydrophilic | water loving; polar molecule |
| double layer (bilayer) | phospholipids created this |
| peripheral proteins | partially embedded |
| integral proteins | span entire membrane; often used to help transport molecules in and out of cells |
| membrane proteins | serve as support, transport molecules, serve as receptors, act as enzymes, serve as markers on cells |
| carbohydrates | serve as antigens on certain cells and help cells interact |
| glycoprotein | carbohydrate + protein |
| glycolipid | carbohydrate + lipid |
| bulk transport | movement of large amounts of materials in and out of cell; cell membrane assists |
| phagocytosis | engulfing of extracellular substances into the cell; cellular "eating" of solids |
| amoeboid movement | extentions of the cytoplasm and membrane (pseudopodia) that move |
| neutrophils and macrophages | types of white blood cells that go through phagocytosis |
| senecent cells | aged cells |
| apoptosis | programmed cell death |
| endocytosis | cytoplasm pinches inward to bring substances in; phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis examples |
| pinocytosis | engulfing of watery extracellular substance |
| receptor-mediated endocytosis | specific molecules bond to receptors which causes membrane to pinch inward |
| vesicles | structure made when membrane or organelle pinches off |
| exocytosis | process in which cellular substances are secreted to the outside of cells |
