| A | B |
| subcontinent | large landmass that is a larger part of a continent |
| arable land | fertile land |
| monsoon | winds that bring the wet or dry seasons |
| scarce | when the supply of a resource doesn't meet the demand |
| cash crop | crop that is raised to be sold for export |
| standard of living | quality of life |
| clan | family that claims common ancestry |
| cultural diffusion | spread of culture |
| caste | social class |
| colony | territory ruled by another nation |
| Mesopotamia | ancient civilization betwee Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| Palestine | homeland claimed by both Jews and Arabs; mostly present day Israel |