| A | B |
|---|
| electromagnetic waves | A form of energy that can move through the vacuum of space. |
| radiation | The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. |
| infrared radiation | A form of electromagnetic energy that has wavelengths that are longer than red light. It is not visible but can be felt as heat. |
| ultraviolet radiation | Given off by the sun, which is an invisible form of energy with wavelengths that are shorter than violet light. |
| scattering | A process where dust particles and gases in teh atmosphere reflect light in all directions. |
| greenhouse effect | A natural process that keeps Earth's atmosphere at a temperature that is comfortable for most living things. It is the process by which gases hold heat in the air. |
| temperature | The average amount of energy of motion of each particle of a substance. The measure of how hot or cold a substance is. |
| thermal energy | The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance. Hot tea in a teapot has more thermal energy than the hot tea in a cup because there are more particles. |
| thermometer | A thin glass tube with a bulb on one end that contains a liquid, usually mercury or colored alcohol. |
| heat | The transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler one. Heat is transferred three ways: radiation conduction and convection |
| conduction | The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching. |
| convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid. |
| convection currents | The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air. |
