| A | B |
|---|
| Vitamin D | Rickets in children |
| Vitamin E | Functions in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fats |
| Vitamin K | Very important for normal clotting and given in injectable form |
| Hemorrhagic | Found in newborns unable to synthesize vitamin K |
| B complex | Dry yeast is a rich source |
| Vitamin B1 | Essential for nerve function |
| Vitamin B2 | Essential in the metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins |
| Vitamin B3 | Aids in the metabolism of food. Can be synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan |
| Vitamin B6 | Increase in importance during pregnancy and a function is regeneration of red blood cells |
| Vitamin B12 | Essential for energy metabolism |
| Intrinsic factor | Macro protein in the gastric juice |
| Folacin | Aids in the formation of red blood cells |
| Minor B vitamins | Choline, Pantothenic acid, Biotin |
| Avitaminmosis | Deficient in 1 or more vitamins. |
| Hypervitaminosis | Too much causes toxicity. |
| Vitamin A | Retinol, retinal, retinoic |
| Vitamin C | Important in the formation of red blood cells and important in iron absorption |
| Water | Item of greatest importance in the diet |
| Electrolytes | An element or compound that when dissolved in a fluid disassociates out into ions and can conduct an electric current |
| Calcium | The major mineral found in the body |
| Magnesium | Aids in bone mineralization |
| Phosphorous | Second major mineral and is found in bones and teeth |
| Potassium | Affects muscular contraction of the heart |
| Sulfur | Important component of skin, hair, nails, cartilage, and some organ tissues |
| Iron | It facilitates tissue respiration and is extremely important in the synthesis of hemoglobin |
| Chloride | Involved with sodium for maintenance of acid/base balance |
| Selenium | An antioxidant with vitamin E used to protect the health of the cells |
| Zinc | Very important component of more than 50 enzymes and is permanently stored in the bones |
| Fluoride | Very important in the formation of bones and teeth |
| Copper | Aids in the iron absorption from the intestines |
| Cobalt | An essential component of B12 |
| Chromium | Important in carb metabolism and helps to enhance the removal of glucose from the blood |
| Manganese | Essential for normal bone structure and is a trace mineral |
| Molybdenum | Important in carb metabolism and is a trace mineral |
| Harmful minerals | Arsenic, mercury, and lead |
