A | B |
Epidermis | Outermost layer of skin |
Dermis | Known as the corium or "true skin" |
Subcutaneous layer | Connects skin to underlying tissues |
Sudoriferous glands | Sweat glands |
Sebaceous glands | Produce sebum |
Follicle | Hollow tube that hair grows in |
Hair shaft | Covers all body surfaces |
Alopecia | Permanent loss of hair on the scalp |
Nails | Made of dead keratinized epithelial cells |
Melanin | Brownish-black pigment produced in the epidermis |
Melanocyte | Cell that contains melanin |
Albino | Absence of color pigment in the skin |
Erythema | Reddish color that can be caused by burns or congestion of blood in the vessels |
Jaundice | Yellowish discoloration of the skin |
Cyanosis | Bluish discoloration caused by insufficient oxygen |
Chronic Poisoning | May cause gray or brown skin discoloration |
Macules | Flat spots on the skin, such as freckles |
Papules | Firm, raised areas such as pimples |
Vesicles | Blisters, or fluid-filled sacs |
Pustules | Pus-filled sacs such as those seen in acne |
Bulla | Fluid filled lesion greater than 2cm in diameter; |
Comedo | Plugged pilosebaceous duct, formed from sebum and keratin |
Cyst | Semi-solid or fluid-filled encapsulated mass extending deep into the dermis |
Nodule | Firm, raised lesion; extending into dermal layer; deeper than a papule, 0.5 – 2cm in diameter |
Patch | Flat, pigmented, circumscribed area greater than 1cm in diameter |
Plaque | Circumscribed, solid, elevated lesion greater than 1cm in diameter |
Wheals | Itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape |
Tumor | Elevated, solid lesion larger than 2cm in diameter, extending into dermal and subcutaneous layers |
Crust | Areas of dried pus and blood, commonly called scabs |
Ulcer | A deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis |
Atrophy | Thinning of skin surface at site of disorder; aging skin |
Erosion | Circumscribed lesion involving loss of superficial epidermis; rug burn, abrasion |
Excoriation | Linear scratched or abraded areas, often self-induced |
Fissure | Linear cracking of the skin, extending into the dermal layer |
Keloid | Thick, red, or dark firm scar formed by hyperplasia of fibrous tissue |
Linchenification | Thickened, prominent skin markings caused by constant rubbing; |
Scale | Thin, dry flakes of shedding skin |
Scar | Fibrous tissue caused by trauma, deep inflammation, or surgical incision |
Skin Cancer | Most common type of cancer |
Squamous cell carcinoma | Affects the thin cells of the epithelium |
Melanoma | Develops in the melanocytes |
Basal cell carcinoma | Cancer of the basal cells in the epidermis |
Acne | Inflammation of the sebaceous glands |
Athlete's foot | Contagious fungal infection that usually affects the feet |
Eczma | Noncontagious, inflammatory skin disorder caused by allergens or irritants |
Psoriasis | chronic, noncontagious skin disease with periods of exacerbations and remissions |
Ringworm | highly contagious fungal infection of the skin or scalp |
Impetigo | Highly contagious condition resulting from staphylococcus or streptococcal infection |
Tinea | general name for many different types of mycoses |
Mycoses | Fungal infections |
Warts | caused by papilloma virus; type of benign neoplasm of the skin |
Boils | also called furuncles are most often local staphylococci infections of hair follicles characterized by large, inflamed pustules |
Carbuncle | A group of untreated boils that fuse into even larger pus filled lesions |
Scabies | Contagious skin condition caused by the itch mite |
Uticaria | (Hives); characterized by raised, red lesions called wheals |
Scleroderma | An autoimmune disease that affects the blood vessels and connective tissue of the skin |
Decubitus ulcer | (pressure sore); |