| A | B |
|---|
| climate | average weather over a 30 yr period |
| latitude | the imagenary lines on the earth that measure north and south |
| longitude | the imagenary lines that measure east and west |
| massachusetts | 1630 founded by john winthrop & puritains for R.f |
| rhode island | 1636 founded by ROger Williams for R.F |
| new york | 1664 founded by Peter Sullian settlers and peter minuet |
| pennsylvaina | 1682 by Wiliam penn |
| maryland | 1632 founded by Lord Baltimore, george cartere and catholics b/c catholics were sent here |
| Virginia | 1607 founded by john smith and virginia company of london b/c of economic export |
| georgia | 1732 founded by james oglethorpe b/c need home for debtors |
| Joint stock company | a form of buisness arrangement where by investers pool their funds creating greater amounts of capital for investments |
| mercantilism | an economic policy based on a state monoply over trade and attempt to transfer wealth and especially precious metals from colonie to parent country |
| charter | a written grant issued by government or other authority giving the holder the right to establish a colony cooperation or other organization |
| protestant | those who revolted |
| reformation | the revolt against the catholic church |
| Benjamin Franklin | printer, inventer of the lighting rod,and iron stove, owned printer shop, helped philadelphia, 1st public library |
| john peter zinger | 1733 german immigrant was a printer of the new york weekly journal that printed libel and was thrown in jail |
| jonathan edwards | 1703-1758 preacher from north hampton of great awakening in new england |
| george washington | 1756 in charge and delivered a message that imformed the French they were on virginian land and was ordered to drive the french from the ohio valley |
| ponitac | 1763 holyman drove british from outpost to detroit |
| colonial goverenment | charter colonies and royal colonies and the charter ones get more controland house of burgesses |
| magna carta | the charter of english liberties granted by King Jown in 1215 |
| petition of rights | the 1628 doc. stating that people couldnt be taxed with out the consent of parliament |
| english bill of rights | doc signed in 1689 that guarenteed english citizens certain rights and stated that elections for parliament were to be held often |
| triangular trade | the trade that routes connecting the colonies england and africa |
| albany plan of union | a plan proposed by benjamin franklin of the albany congress of 1754 under which the american colonies would form a loose confederation to promote mutual defence |
| treaty of paris 1763 | the treaty in which france gave upp its north american empire to britain thereby endinf the french and indian war. |
| new england colonies | massachusetts, rhode island, connecticut |
| middle colonies | new york, pennsylvania, new jersey, delaware |
| southern colonies | maryland, virginia, north carolina, south carolina, georgia |
| samuel adams | organized the massachusetts commitee of correspondence in 1772 memeber of the second continental congress |
| john adams | boston lawyer who defended the soliders chared in boston massecre in 1770 thought the boston tea party whould show the british the strength of colonial oppisition to taxation w/o representaion |
| thomas paine | wrote the pamphlet "common sense" in 1776 to help stir the colonists toward independence |
| george washington | virginian who was named commander of the first contenintal army in 1775 |
| george III | king of england from 1760 to 1830 sent troops to american colonies |
| thomas jefferson | young virginian who actually wrote the declaration of independence |
| proclamation of 1763 | the british decree prohibiting colonial settlement in any lands west of the appalacian mts. |
| stamp act | the 1765 british decree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonies |
| boston masscre | the clash in 1770 between british troops and a group of bostinians in which 5 colonists were killed |
| propaganda | the spreading of ones political views and beliefs |
| writs of assistance | warrents that gave british officers unrestricted rights to search for legal goods |
| tea act | an act that taxed tea and monoply of tea sent to east india company |
| boston tea party | the 1773 protest against british trade policies in which patriots boareded vessels of the east india company and threw the tea cargo in the boston harbor |
| intolerable acts | laws enacted by parliament in 1774 serverely by restricting the rights of massachusetts colonists |
| patriots | people who supported american independence at the time of the revelutionary war |
| loyalist | a colonist who remaing loyal to britain during the revolutionary war |
| 1st contenintal congress | a group of colonial delegates who met in 1774 to discuss oppisitoin to british colonies |
| 2nd contenintal congress | the assembly of colonial delegates |
| declaration of independence | the document adopted by the continental congress oon july 4 1776 establishing that U.S as a nation independent from great britain |
| unalienable rights | life liberty and the pursuit of happiness |
| george washington | america's first great general commanded the continental army from 1775 through the end of the revolutionary war |
| john paul jones | america's naval commander during the war, defeated warships serapis in 1779 |
| bernardo de galvez | spanish governer of louisiana led raids against british forts on the lower mississippi river and on the gulf of mexica in 1779 |
| cornwallis | british general during the latter days of war trapped and defeated at yorktown in 1781 |
| marquis de lafayette | french noble who volunteered at the age of 19 in 1777 to serve in washingtons army w/o pay |
| george rogers clark | american explorer who fought in 1778-1779 to keep the western frontier in american hands |
| thomas paine | pamphleteer who sought to rekindle america's patriotic fire with "the crisis" in late 1776 |
| trenton | battle of trenton dec 26, 1776 in new jersey american general- washington british commander- j rall americans retreated |
| saratoga | october 1777 in new york american commander- gates and benedict arnold british commander- burgouyne british surrendered caused french to join war |
| yorktown | oct 1981 in virginia american commander- george washington and rochambeu british commander- cornwallis and british surrenedered |
| hessians | a german mercanary serving in the british troops during the american revolution |
| partisians | a member of an unofficial or guerilla military unit |
| treaty of paris 1783 | britains official recognition of the independence of the states |
