| A | B |
|---|
| nucleus | directs the activities of the cell |
| cell wall | helps maintain the shape of the plant |
| ribosome | site of protein synthesis, found free floating around the ER |
| cell membrane | controls what enters and exits the cell |
| cytoplasm | jellylike material that surrounds the organelles |
| chloroplast | part of plant where photosynthesis takes place |
| mitochondria | repiration center of the cell/powerhouse |
| cilia | short hairlike projections used for movement |
| ER | known as the intracellular highway since molecules move around the cell on it |
| golgi bodies | processing, packaging, secreting organelle that combines and modify molecules |
| centrioles | used in animal cells |
| flagella | whiplike structure used for movement |
| lysosomes | sac of enzymes that digest food |
| vacuole | take up 90% of mature plant cells, store water, oil, and waste |
| element | any substance that can't be broken into a simpler substances |
| atom | the smallest unit of element |
| compound | 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined |
| molecule | the smaller unit of most compounds |
| organic compound | a compound that contains carbon, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acid |
| inorganic compound | a compound that does not contain carbon/water |
| carbohydrate | energy rich compounds such as sugars and starches that are made of elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| proteins | large organic molecules made of CHON and sometimes sulfur |
| amino acid | small molecules that are linked together chemically to form proteins |
| enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in a living thing |
| lipids | energy rich organic compounds such as fats, oils, and waxes that are made of CHO |
| nucleic acid | very large organic molecules made of COHNP that contains instructions cells need to carry out all of the functions of life |
| DNA | deoxyribo nucelic acid, that genetic material that carries info about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring |
| RNA | ribonecleic acid, a nucleic acid that plays an important role in life production of proteins |
| water | important to cells because most chemical reactions in cells need it |
| prokaryotic | simple type of cell that does NOT have a true nucleus |
| eukaryotic | complex cell that contains true nucleus |
| endosymbiotic theory | theory that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free living like bacteria |
| specialized cell | a cel that has 1 particular function |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that work together to perform a function |
| organ | several tissues that work together to perform a common function (brain, heart, liver) |
| system | organs that work together to perform a common function (digestive system) |
| levels of organization | cell, tissue, organ, system, organism |
