| A | B |
|---|
| Genes | A hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of DNA that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism. |
| Alleles | One member of a pair of genes that occupy a specific position on a chromosome. |
| Gregor Mendel | Studied genetics through the use of pea plants. |
| Chromosomes | Hereditary units of an organism. |
| Locus | Particular point where a certain gene is found on the chromosome. |
| Homologous chromosomes | a pair of associated chromosomes |
| Homozygous | An individual with two of the same alleles on homologous chromosomes. |
| Pure | Another word for homozygous. |
| Heterozygous | An individual with contrasting alleles for the same trait on homologous chromosomes. |
| Hybrid | Another word for heterozygous. |
| Parental generation | The two original organisms being crossed (parents). |
| First filial generation | The first generation of offspring from the parents (children). |
| Second filial generation | Generation of offspring arising from the first filial generation (grandchildren). |
| Law of dominance | A pattern of heredity in which only one gene of an allelic pair is expressed. |
