| A | B |
|---|
| Bill of Rights | first ten ammendments to the Constitution |
| civil liberties | protections against the government; guarantees of the safety of persons, opinions, and property from arbitrary acts of government. |
| civil rights | positive acts of government that seek to make constitutional guarantees a reality for all people; ex. prohibition of discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religious belief, or national origin |
| alien | foreign born residents; non-citizens |
| Due Process Clause | No state can deny to any person any right that is "basic or essential to the American concept of ordered liberty" |
| Establishment Clause | government is prohibited from establishing a religion |
| Free Exercise Clause | guarantees to each person the right to believe whatever he or she chooses to believe in matters of religion |
| libel | false and malicious use of printed words |
| slander | the false and malicious use of spoken words |
| Sedition | the crime of attempting to overthrow the government by force or to disrupt its lawful activities by violent acts |
| Seditious speech | the advocating, or urging, of attempting to overthrow the government |
| prior restraint | the government can punish some words after they are written or spoken, BUT they cannot place any restrictions on ideas BEFORE they are expressed |
| symbolic speech | communication of ideas by a person's conduct, facial expression, body language, carrying a sign or wearing an armband |
| assemble | to gather with one another |
| content neutral | government cannot regulate assemblies based on what will be said there |
| right of association | guarantees the right to associate with others to promote political, economic and other social causes |
