| A | B |
|---|
| humanism | intellectual movement that tried to apply the wisdom of the ancients to the Renaissance world |
| Baldassare Castiglione | Renaissance author who wrote a guide for members of the court |
| patron | person who provided finanacial backing for the arts |
| perspective | technique in painting that makes distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer |
| Leonardo da Vinci | multitalented man who dissected corpses to learn how to paint human anatomy correctly |
| Pieter Bruegel | painted scenes of daily life |
| Miguel de Cervantes | produced the best-known work of Spanish Renaissance literature |
| Johann Gutenberg | invented the printing press |
| William Shakespeare | famous English author; wrote Romeo and Juliet |
| theocracy | government run by church leaders |
| predestination | idea that God determined long ago who would gain salvation |
| recant | to give up one's views |
| indulgence | lessening of the punishment for sins |
| annul | divorce through the church |
| ghetto | (formerly, in most European countries) a section of a city in which all Jews were required to live. |
| Dutch Calvinists | allowed Jewish refugees to settle in the Netherlands |
| Anabaptists | a Protestant sect that argued against infant baptism |
| Jesuits | they were determined to combat heresy and spread the Catholic faith |
| Francis Bacon | scholar who stressed experiment and observation |
| Nicolaus Copernicus | scholar whose theories were rejected by experts |
| gravity | force that determines the speed at which objects fall toward Earth |
| heliocentric | theory that the sun is the center of the universe |
| Isaac Newton | scientist who discovered the principle of gravity |
