| A | B |
|---|
| Henry Bessemer | developed a process to purify iron ore and produce steel |
| Alfred Nobel | invented dynamite; used earnings to fund Nobe Peace Prize |
| Michael Faraday | created the first simple electric motor and the first dynamo |
| Thomas Edison | made the first electric lightbulb, which quickened the pace of city life by allowing factories to operate after dark |
| Henry Ford | began using the assembly line to mass-produce cars, making the US a leader in the automobile industry |
| Orville and Wilbur Wright | designed and successfully flew an airplane |
| Guglielmo Marconi | invented the radio |
| Alfred Krupp | powerful business leader who created a monopoly in the steelmaking industry in Germany |
| John D. Rockefeller | built Standard Oil Company of Ohio into an empire |
| Samuel F. B. Morse | developed the telegraph, which could send coded messages over electric wires |
| Louis Pasteur | proved the link between microbes and disease; developed the process of pasteurization for killing disease-carrying microbes in milk |
| Robert Koch | identified the bacteria that caused tuberculosis |
| Florence Nightingale | nurse who insisted on better hygiene in field hospitals |
| Joseph Lister | discovered how antiseptics prevented infection |
| Charles Lyell | wrote "Principles of Geology" which offered evidence to show the Earth had formed over millions of years |
| Lord Byron | British romantic writer |
| Johann Wolfgang von Goethe | German romantic writer; wrote "Faust" |
| Ludwig van Beethhoven | romantic German composer |
| Charles Dickens | English novelist; wrote "Oliver Twist" |
| Gustave Courbet | realist painter who focused on ordinary subjects, especially working-class men and women |
| Claude Monet | impressionist painter |
