| A | B |
|---|
| Methods of feed reduction in size | Physical, mechanical, enzymatic |
| Stomach with millions of bacteria | Rumen |
| Synthesis | To build |
| T/F Some microbes are present in the S.I. | True |
| T/F Energy is required to absorb the nutrient in Active Transport | True |
| When a nutrient moves from an area of high concentration to lower concentration | Diffusion |
| Most nutrient absorption takes place here | Small Intestine |
| Fingerlike projections which absorb in SI | Villi |
| As the passage rate of feed increases, efficiency of absorption... | decreases |
| Carnivores | meat eating |
| Hervivores | plant eating |
| Mastication | chewing or grinding of food |
| Bolus | wad of material cast back up to be digested again |
| Throwing food back up | Regurgitation |
| Saliva is produced in these glands | paratid, mandibular, sublingual |
| Animals chew their .... | cud |
| Functions of saliva | moistens, lubricates, buffers |
| Cows produce ____gallons of saliva/day | 50 |
| Chickens do not have.... | teeth |
| Ruminants lack... | incisors |
| Ruminants have an upper | dental pad |
| Taking in of food and water | prehension |
| Prehensive agents.... | lips, tongue, teeth, beak |
| movement of materials through the digestive system | peristalsis |
| True stomach | characterized by secreting enzymes |
| Ruminant stomach that does secrete digestive juices | abomasum |
| crop | storage reservoir in poultry |
| Also called the honeycomb | reticulum |
| Aids in rumination | reticulum |
| traps hardward | reticulum |
| also called the paunch | rumen |
| Microorganism types in rumen | bacteria, protozoa, fungi |
| enzymes break down starch t/f | true |
| Types of fatty acids | acetic, propionic, butyric |
| Gases from fermentation | CO2, methane |
| cannot release gas | bloat |
| how to treat bloat | hose, or knife |
| Animals ruminate___hrs/day | 8 |
| Rumination cycle = | regurgitate, remasticate, resalivate, reswallow |
| Omasum also called... | manplies |
| Main omasum function | water removal |
| Chicken true stomach | proventriculus |
| ruminant true stomach | abomasum |
| true stomach secretes.... | HCL |
| gastric lipase | functions to break down fats |
| material leaving the stomach is.. | chyme |
| Proteins broken down by... | proteases |
| Starches broken down by.. | amylases |
| Fats broken down by... | lipases |
| Pylorus | sphincter muscle between the stomach and small intestine |
| Muscular digestion area in poultry | gizzard |
| added to poultry diets but is not actually food | grit |
| beginning of S.I. | duodenum |
| actually takes on roll of absorption | villi |
| splits starch into smaller starch fragments | pancreatic amylase |
| from the pancreas and breaks down proteins | trypsin, and chymotripsin |
| secreted from the liver | bile |
| cleaves two fatty acids from a tryglyceride leaving one monoglyceride | pancreatic lipase |
| Colic | blockage in the colon area where the LI narrows |
| Cloaca | exit area in poultry |
