| A | B |
|---|
| Ancestral character state | character shared by all members within a group. |
| Derived characters | character unique to a group or groups |
| Outgroup | organism we will compare the ingroup to |
| Clade | subset of closely related organisms within a group. |
| Synapomorphy | a derived character shared by all members within a clade. |
| Monophyletic | shared by all members of a group. |
| Paraphyletic | not shared by all members within a group |
| Polyphyletic | found in more than one group. |
| Linnaeus | Constructed nomenclature system |
| Radolarians | Oldest known protist |
| Foraminifora | Marine protist |
| Osmotrophs | Ingest food in soluble form |
| Phagotrophs | Ingest visible particles of food |
