| A | B |
|---|
| tire | a rubber-covered carcass made of steel and fiber cords |
| pneumatic | means "filled with air" |
| tubeless tires | in this type of tire, the tire and wheel form an airtight unit and do not have a seperate inner tube |
| bead | the steel-reinforced edge of a tire that engages the wheel rim |
| body plies | they form the carcass, or body, of the tire |
| tread | outer surface of a tire that contacts the road |
| sidewall | the portion of a tire between the bead and tread |
| belt | sometimes used to strenghten the body plies and stiffen the tread |
| liner | provides a leakproof membrane for the modern tubeless tire |
| tire rolling resistance | measurement of the amount of friction produced as the tire operates on the road surface |
| bias ply tire | type of tire constrcution in which the plies crisscross from bead to bead. No additional belts are used under the tread area |
| belted bias tire | tire construction method using crissscrossed plies with additional belts under the tread area |
| radial ply tire | a tire that has cord plies running straight across, from bead to bead. Additional stabilizer plies are placed beneath the tread |
| tire markings | the collection of information on the sidewall of the tire |
| tire size | information given on the sidewall using either alpha-numeric or P-metric |
| P-metric | newest tire identification system that uses metric values and international standards |
| alpha-numeric | denotes tire size using letters and numbers |
| aspect ratio | height-to-width ratio in tire size designation |
| maximum load rating | the amount of weight the tire can carry at the recommended inflation pressure |
| maximum inflation pressure | hightest air pressure that should be pumped into the tire |
| DOT serial number | identifies the tire manufacturer, plant location, construction and date of manufacture |
| tread wear | a rating from 100 to 500 indicating the tire's resistance to wear |
| tire traction | a rating A, B or C, indicating a tire's level of traction |
| tire temperature resistance | a rating, A, B or C, indicating a tire's resistance to temperature buildup |
| tire speed rating | the maximum allowable sustained road speed a tire can safely withstand without failure |
| wear bars | solid bars of rubber across the tread that appear when a tire has worn to the safe limit |
| spare tire | extra wheel that can be installed if the vehicle has a flat tire |
| self-sealing | a tire with a sealing compound applied to its liner to stop air leakage in case of puncture |
| run-flat tires | tire designed with astiff sidewall to allow it to run whlie deflate |
| wheels | designed to support the tire whlie withstanding loads from acceleration, braking and cornering |
| drop-center wheel | type of rimin which the center section is lower than the 2 outer edges |
| safety rim | a wheel designed with 2 safety ridges to prevent the tire from dropping into the center of the wheel in the event of a blowout |
| valve stem | the portion of a valve that is pressed into a hole in the wheel to allow inflation and deflation |
| valve core | a spring-loaded air valve that allows air to be added to the tire |
| lug nuts | hold the wheel and tire assembly on the vehicle |
| lug studs | special studs that accept the lug nuts |
| lug bolts | sometimes used instead of lug nuts that are screwed into the hub or axle flange |
| wheel weights | small led weights that are attached to the wheel rim to balance the wheel-and-tire assembly, preventing vibration |
| wheel bearings | ball or roller-bearing assemblies that reduce friction and support the wheels and axles as they rotate |
