| A | B |
| Population Density | Average number of people living in a square mile or square kilometer |
| Peninsula | Piece of land with water on three sides |
| Plateau | Flat land with higher elevation than a plain |
| Tributary | Small river that flows into a larger river |
| Navigable | Body of water wide and deep enough to allow the passage of ships |
| Rain Shadow | Dry area on the inland side of coastal mountains |
| Steppe | Partly dry grassland often found on the edges of a desert |
| Tundra | Vast rolling treeless plain in high latitude climates in which only the top few inches of ground thaw in summer |
| Permafrost | Permanently frozen lower layers of soil in the tundra and subarctic regions |
| Loess | A type of rich, dustlike soil |
| Hydroelectric | Electricity generated by flowing water |
| Fossil Fuel | Coal, oil, or natural gas |
| Euro | The official currency of the European Union |
| Single Market | A system in which goods, services, and capital move freely with no barrier; used to describe European Union |
| Foreign Minister | A government official who is in charge of a nation's foreign affairs |
| Urbanization | Movement to cities |
| Immigrant | Person who moves to a new country to make a permanent home |
| Migration | To move from once place to another |
| Ethnic Group | People who share a common history, language, religion, and physical characteristics |
| Dialect | Local form of language that differs from the main language in pronunciation or the meaning of the words |
| Heritage | The customs and practices passed from one generation to the next |
| Propaganda | The spread of ideas designed to support a cause |