| A | B |
|---|
| Characteristics shared by all cordates | dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal clefts, post anal tail |
| which is a characteristic of early animals | legs, no jaw, amniotic egg, endothermy |
| what do hagfish and lampreys | jawlessness |
| what is the endoskeleton of most vertebrates made of | calcified cartilage |
| what cloass first possessed a jaw | chondrichthys |
| chondrichthyans have this type of skeleton | cartilage |
| lateral line | found in ray-finned fish and sharks, detects changes in water pressure |
| what is the difference between chondrichthes and ray-finned fish | bony endoskeleton, operculum, swim bladder |
| evolution of swim bladder | came from lungs of fresh water fish |
| this trend was first observed in early tetrapods | feet with digits |
| what do reptiles have that allow them to survive in arid environments | keratin to help prevent dehydration |
| what do these animals have in common: reptiles, birds, marsupials, placental mammals | all are amniotes |
| what animal class would contain a diaphragm | mammal |
| what is unique to primates and no other mammal | opposable thumbs |
| what animal would have the following characteristics: internal fertilization, amniotic egg, heavy bones, skin that resists drying | nonbird reptiles |
| What are the three ways that mammals can maintain a developing embryo | egg-laying, pouched, placenta |
| what animals can use skin as a respiratory organ | amphibians |
| what do animals do with blood vessels in their extremeties in order to cool off | constrict the blood vessels |
| what is a characteristic of the cells lining the lungs and gut | larger exchange surface |
| what provides the exchange of materials between blood and body cells | interstitial fluid |
| what type of epithelia tissue has the shortest diffusion distance | simple squamous |
| blood is an example of what type of tissue | connective tissue |
| several layers of epithelial cells are called | stratified |
| a single layer of epitheal cells is called | simple |
| tendons are made of this type of connective tissue | collagenous |
| connective tissue found in the ear | elastin fibers |
| this type of muscle is striated and voluntary | skeletal |
| this type of muscle is striated and branched | cardiac |
| this type of muscle would be found in internal organs and blood vessels | smooth muscle |
| what type of epithelial cells would be found in the air sacs of the lungs | simple squamous |
| contractions causing the cerrvic to dialate in labor is an example of this | positive feedback |
| this happens in negative feedback | the effector's response is in the opposite direction of the stimulus |
| who spends more energy on temperature regulation: endotherm or ectoterm | endotherm |
| where is the temperature regulating center in vertebrates | hypothalmus |
| two examples of torpor | hibernation and estivation |
