| A | B |
|---|
| Magna Carta | King accepted limitations on his rule |
| Mayflower Compact | precursor of the Constitution |
| Petition of Right | stated that rights were given to men by law not king |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | first writing constitution in North America |
| Massachusetts Body of Liberties | limited power of government |
| Leviathan | Hobbes idea that governments are created to bring peace |
| English Bill of Rights | limited power of English sovereign |
| Second Treatsie of Civil Government | Locke’s idea that governments exist to protect natural rights |
| The Spirit of the Laws | Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers, moderate punishment, and religious tolerance |
| Albany Plan of the Union | first formal proposal of a permanent union for the 13 colonies |
| Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death | Patrick Henry’s speech asking the legislature to resist against British tyranny |
| Commentaries on the Laws of England | Blackstone’s beliefs that the law existed to protect people’s rights |
| Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania | in response to the stamp act, urged resistance to England |
| Common Sense | Thomas Paine’s pamphlet about how people are born in a state of equality |
| Lee Resolution | Richard Lee Henry’s proposal that the colonies declare independence from England |
| Declaration of Independence | document that declared independence from England |
| The American Crisis | strengthened the morale of American troops fighting against the British |
| Virginia Declaration of Rights | all people are born with natural rights and the government’s power comes from the people |
| Articles of Confederation | first governing document of America, said that the central government had little authority |
| Annapolis Convention Proceedings | held to improve and revise the Articles of Confederation |
| Constitutional Convention | produced the Great Compromise and ended in the ratification of the Constitution |
| Brutus Essays | essays that argued against the ratification of the Constitution |
| Northwest Ordinance | established policies for the creation of new states and the admitting of those states into the confederation |
| Federalist Number 10 | James Madison defended the form of the republican government proposed by the Constitution |
| Federalist Number 51 | James Madison explains and defends the checks and balances system of the Constitution |
| Federalist Number 70 | Alexander Hamilton argues for a strong executive leader |
| Preamble | introduction of the Constitution and explains the general purposes of the government |
| Ancient Republics | the best way of life could be achieved by combining monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy |
| Connecticut Compromise | states would be equally represented in the Senate and House |
| New Jersey Plan | attempt to give the small states the equal power that the large states had |
| Virginia Plan | the large state’s proposition, called for separation of powers and created bicameral legislature |
| Separation of Powers | best type of system to protect liberty |
| Rule of Law | laws are followed and they apply equally to everyone |
| Reserved and Concurrent Powers | powers delegated to the federal government are reserved for the government and states have the powers not specifically prohibited to them |
| Republican Government | representative or mixed government that requires citizens to practice civil values |
| Popular Sovereignty | asserts that the people are the source of just government power |
| Political Rights | rights that individuals have that allow them to take part in self governing society |
| Nullification | refers to the claimed power of a state to refuse to enforce federal law it deems unconstitutional |
| Natural Rights | everyone is born with an equality of rights no matter what nationality |
| Majority Rule versus Minority Rights | the majority has no legitimate power to vote away or otherwise abridge the natural rights of minorities |
| Limits on Rights | imposed by law or by citizens |
| Limited government | a government restrained to specific enumerated powers |
