A | B |
saturated solution | a solution containing the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature |
colligative properties | depend upon the number of particles of solute in solution |
miscible | describes liquids that dissolve in each other |
molarity (M) | the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution |
unsaturated solution | contains less solute than can theoretically be dissolved |
immiscible | describes liquids that are insoluble in each other |
concentrated solution | a solution with a large amount of solute compared to solvent |
Henry's law | At a given temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid |
supersaturated solution | contains more solute than can theoretically be held at a given temperature |
dilute solution | contains only a small amount of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature |
concentration | a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent |
boiling-point elevation | the difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent |
freezing-point depression | the difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent |
molal freezing-point depression constant | equals the change in freezing point for a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute |
molal boiling-point elevation constant | equals the change in boiling point for a 1-molal solution of a nonvolatile molecular solute |
molality (m) | number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kilogram of solvent |
mole fraction of a solute | is the ratio of moles of the solute to the total number of moles of solvent and solute in a solution |
solubility | the amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a constant temperatue and pressure |