| A | B |
|---|
| Magna Carta | forced the king to follow the laws of the land like everyone else |
| Parliament | a group of people formed to advise the king in England |
| Charles I | dissolved Parliament and ruled as a tyrant |
| tyranny | cruel or unjust use of power |
| English Civil War | fought between Parliament and King Charles of England |
| Glorious Revolution | when William and Mary took over England as king and queen, without a shot being fired |
| English Bill of Rights | put limits on a monarch's power, such as not being able to collect taxes, change laws, or raise an army without Parliament's approval |
| petition | to ask the government to change something that isn't fair |
| monarch | a king or queen |
| estates | divisions of social classes in France before the French Revolution |
| third estate | resented the nobles and clergy of the first estate because they had all the rights/privileges in France |
| Louis XVI | king of france who was executed for treason |
| Estates-General | an assembly made up of representatives from the three estates of France |
| National Assembly | formed by the thirde estate, it was to represent all of France; Louis XVI tried to stop it from meeting,which caused revolution |
| riots | violent disorders |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man | ended special privileges of clergy/nobles; gave people of France rights to liberty, justice, freedom of speech |
| National Convention | French assembly that ended the monarchy in France and ordered the execution of Louis XVI |
| Commitee of Public Safety | formed to protect France from enemies inside and outside of France, it put many suspected of treason to death |
| Reign of Terror | a time when many were executed as enemies of the state in France |
| Directory | it ruled France until Napoleon overthrew it |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | ruled France as a dictator, uniting it, and formed a French empire by conquering much of Europe |
| Napoleonic Code | laws that gave most of the rights won during the French Revolution |
| Battle of Waterloo | the final defeat of Napoleon, it happened in present-day Belgium |
| exiled | forced to leave a country; this happened to Napoleon |
| Oliver Cromwell | led Parliament to capture King Charles; he later dismissed Parliament and ruled England as a dictator |
| third estate | included merchants, craftworkers, and peasants in France |
| guillotine | execution machine used during the Reign of Terror in France |
