| A | B |
|---|
| Using DNA codons to form an mRNA molecule | Transcription |
| Single loop DNA bases | Pyrimidines |
| Complimentary Base Pairs | A and T, C and G. |
| Double loop DNA base | Purines |
| Copying DNA to form two identical DNA molecules | Replication |
| The DNA based coded for by the letter A. | Adenine |
| The DNA based coded for by the letter G. | Guanine |
| Using the mRNA template to form polypeptides | Translation |
| Protein monomer | Amino Acid |
| Information cannot be passed from a protein back to a nucleic acid | Central Dogma |
| One cell dividing into two daughter cells | Cytokinesis |
| The DNA strand which has the same base sequence as the RNA transcript produced | Coding Strand |
| Strong covalent bonds which help maintain tertiary protein structure. Occur between two cysteine amino acids. | Disulphide Bridge |
| Joins together DNA fragments after DNA replication | Ligase |
| Joins together individual neucleotides to reform DNA | DNA Polymerase |
| A DNA region within a gene that is not translated into protein | Intron |
| Section of gene expressed in the final mRNA molecule | Exon |
| A molecule that starts gene expression by disabling repressor proteins | Inducer |
| The characteristic number and arrangement of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells | Karyotype |
| The template strand of the DNA double helix after the replication fork that is oriented in a 5' to 3' manner | Lagging Strand |
| A series of chemical reactions occuring in a cell, usually where a principal chemical is altered by enzyme catalysed reactions | Metabolic Pathway |
| Molecules that make up DNA and RNA, as well as carrying out a large number of important metabolic processes such as storing energy | Nucleotide |
| A section of DNA which is controlled by a single promoter, which contains a number of genes which are all transcribed at the same time | Operon |
| A region of DNA that facilitates the transcription of a particular gene | Promoter site |
| The process where a nucleic acid is broken then joined to a different DNA molecule | Recombination |
| A gene that codes for any RNA or protein product other than a regulatory factor | Structural Gene |
| A gene involved in the expression of one or more other genes | Regulator Gene |
| A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences and thereby controls the transfer (or transcription) of genetic information from DNA to mRNA. Transcription factors pact by promoting (as an activator), or blocking (as a repressor) the starting of RNA polymerase to specific genes | Transcription factor |
