| A | B |
|---|
| nucleus | the organelled in which protein synthesis BEGINS |
| RNA polymerase | enzyme that carries out the process of transcribing RNA from the DNA |
| promotor | the beginning - marked by a specific nucleotide sequence |
| sense | the strand that contains the genes to be transcribed |
| uracil | base substitution for thymine in RNA |
| cap | on the modified 5' end of the mRNA molecule |
| poly-A tail | on the modified 3' end of the mRNA molecule |
| snurps | assist in removing the noncoding regions of the transcript |
| introns | the section of the pre-mRNA molecule that is removed |
| exons | coding regions |
| initiation | the ribosomal subunits, mRNA and tRNA bound together |
| elongation | the protein chain is build as new amino acids are added |
| A site | the second tRNA binding site on a ribosome |
| P site | the first tRNA biniding site on a ribosome |
| tRNA | carry amino acids to the growing protein chain |
| anticodon | sequence of 3 bases on the tRNA - complements the mRNA |
| codon | sequence of the 3 mRNA bases that code for a particular amino acid |
| mutation | a change in the sequence of amino acids or nucleotides |
| ribose | pentose sugar in RNA |
| gel electrophoresis | technique used to separate mlecules on the basis of their size and charge |
