| A | B |
|---|
| The scientific name for a nerve cell | Neuron |
| The sheath around some neuron fibers that aids in regeneration (healing) | Neurilemma |
| A nerve containing both afferent and efferent fibers | Mixed |
| A nerve containing only afferent fibers | Sensory Neurons |
| A nerve containing only efferent fibers | Motor Neurons |
| The voluntary nervous system controls | Skeletal Muscle |
| Fibers that carry impulses toward the neuron cell body | dendrites |
| a bundle of neuron fibers within the central nervous system | Tract |
| a bunch of neuron cell bodies within the central nervous system | Nerve Center |
| a bundle of neuron fibers in the PNS | Nerve |
| a bunch of neuron cell bodies in the PNS | Ganglion |
| The (spider) web-like middle meningeal layer | Arachnoid Mater (Layer) |
| The inner meningeal layer containing pain nerve endings and blood vessels | Pia Mater |
| An elevated portion of the cerebral cortex | Gyrus |
| A shallow groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex | Sulci (sulcus) |
| A deep groove in the cerebral cortex | Fissure |
| The largest part of the brain | Cerebrum |
| The part of the brain with a name meaning “little brain” | Cerebellum |
| The region of the diencephalon that acts as a relay center for sensory stimuli | Thalamus |
| The region of the diencephalon that helps maintain homeostasis | Hypothalamus |
| The region of the diencephalon that deals with emotions | Limbic System |
| The nerve (name and number) that carries visual impulses from the eye to the brain | Optic Nerve II |
| The lobe of the brain that interprets vision | Occipital |
| The lobe of the brain that interprets hearing | Temporal Lobe |
| Impulses for the sense of taste travel to the | Temporal Lobe |
| Impulses for the olfactory sense travels to the _____ lobe | Temporal Lobe |
| A vision receptor that is sensitive to color (and requires more light) | cones |
| A vision receptor that is sensitive to dim light and only detects black and white | rods |
| The watery fluid that fills much of the eyeball in front of the crystalline lens | Aqueous Humor |
| The thick fluid that fills much of the eyeball behind the crystalline lens and is irreplaceable | Vitreous Humor (Body) |
| The scientific name for the tear glands | Lacrimal Glands |
| The scientific name for the tear duct from the eye to the nose | Nasolacrimal Duct |
| The scientific name for the corner of the eye (inner and outer) | Canthus |
| Another name for the projecting part, or auricle, of the ear (holds my hat up) | Pinna |
| The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries hearing impulses | Cochlear Branch |
| The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries balance impulses | Vestibular Branch |
| Alterations in the lens shape to allow for near or far vision | Accommodation |
| The iris is a/an _____ muscle of the eye | Intrinsic |
| The ciliary body is a/an _____ muscle of the eye | Intrinsic |
| There are 6 _____ muscles of the eye | Extrinsic |
| The gland in the neck whose hormone increases the metabolic rate | Thyroid |
| The 4 small endocrine glands in the neck which help control calcium levels in the blood | Parathyroid |
| The main hormone of the adrenal gland that raises blood pressure and increases the heart rate, and dilates bronchial tubes | Adrenaline - Epinepherine |
| A gland that produces the hormone that lowers blood glucose levels (makes the cell membrane permeable to glucose) | Pancreas |
| The endocrine gland that controls many other endocrine glands using tropic hormones | Pituitary |
| The small gland posterior to the thalamus, which helps control sleep | Pineal |
| The endocrine gland in the chest playing a vital role in the immune system | Thymus |
| The portion of the pregnant uterus that secretes hormones | Placenta |
| The building blocks of growth hormone (a protein) | Amino Acids |
| produces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in women | Ovaries |
| produces estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone in men | Gonads (testes) |
| How does insulin affect the cell membrane? | Makes it permeable to glucose |
| How does insulin affect blood sugar? | lowers |
| Diabetes insipidus results in too much _____ production | Urine |
| The system that reverses the fight-flight-freeze response | Parasympathetic branch of the ANS |
| The system that starts the fight-flight-freeze response | Sympathetic branch of the ANS |
| The portion of the cerebral cortex where the sense of touch is interpreted | Parietal lobe |
| The scientific name for nearsightedness, in which the focal point is in front of the retina and distant objects appear blurred | Myopia |
| The visual defect caused by irregularity in the curvature of the lens or cornea | Astigmatism |
| A nerve cell (neuron) fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body. | Axon |
| The structural division of the nervous system that includes the brain | CNS - Central Nervous System |
| The fatty material that covers some axons | Myelin sheath |
| The spinal nerves are part of the _____ nervous system | Peripheral |
| Cranial nerves are part of the _____ nervous system | Peripheral |
| An individual subdivision of the cerebrum that regulates specific functions | Lobe |
| Damage to brain tissue caused by a blood clot, ruptured vessel, or embolism | Cerebral vascular accident (CVA), stroke, apoplexy |
| Bleeding between the dura mater and the skull (above the dura mater) | Epidural hemorrhage (hematoma) |
| Bleeding between the dura mater and the brain (below the dura mater) | Subdural hemorrhage (hematoma) |
| The scientific name for the disorder in which light rays are not bent sharply enough to focus on the retina when viewing close objects | Hyperopia |
| The innermost coat of the eye, the nervous tissue layer that includes the receptors for the sense of vision | Retina |
| The middle coat of the eye | Choroid coat (layer) |
| The outermost coat (layer) of the eye | Sclera |
| The structure that alters the shape of the lens for accommodation | Ciliary body (muscle) |
| The structure that alters the size of the pupil | Iris |
| The jelly-like material located behind the crystalline lens that maintains the spherical shape of the eyeball | Vitreous humor (body) |
| A hormone that stimulates the outer portion of the adrenal gland. | Adrenal Cortical Tropic Hormone |
| A disease in which insulin function is abnormally low | Diabetes mellitus |
| The cell organelle that builds growth hormone (a protein) | Ribosome |
| Polyuria and polydipsia are common symptoms of both _____ and _____. | Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus |
| Which hormone secreted from the posterior pituitary that is involved in water balance | ADH, Antidiuretic Hormone |
| The structural division of the nervous system that includes the nerves and ganglia | PNS - Peripheral nervous system |
| The tough outer meningeal layer is the | Dura mater |
| The endocrine gland composed of a cortex and medulla, each with a specific function | Adrenal Gland |
| A hormone that lowers the blood glucose level | Insulin |
| What kind of physical energy is the eye detecting? | Light |
| What is the advantage of having rods? | Night vision |
| What is the bending of light called? | Refraction |
| Which eye humor is involved with glaucoma? | Aqueous humor |
| What is the shape of the lens when looking at something near? | Spherical |
| What is the shape of the lens when looking at something far? | Flat |
| A contact lens rests on the _____. | Cornea |
| How many extrinsic eye muscles are there? | 6 |
| How many intrinsic eye muscles are there? | 2 |
| What substance fills the outer ear? | Air |
| What substance fills the middle ear? | Air |
| What substance fills the inner ear? | Fluid |
| What is the disorder called when the middle ear is inflamed? | Otitis media |
| What symptom may a patient have if the inner ear is inflamed? | Vertigo |
| Exposure to what will cause permanent hearing loss? | Loud noises |
| Which cranial nerve (name and Roman numeral) carries both the senses of hearing and equilibrium to the brain? | VIII, Vestibulocochlear |
