| A | B |
| caverns | large caves |
| chambers | enclosed spaces |
| stalactites | mineral formations shaped like icicles hanging from a cave roof |
| stalagmites | mineral formations shaped like cones coming up from the floor of a cave |
| armor | any kind of protective covering |
| encases | covers completely; encloses |
| extinct | no longer existing |
| hideous | very ugly; frightful; horrible |
| plunged | fell or moved suddenly downward or forward |
| serpent | snake, especially a big snake |
| calculations | careful thinking; deliberate plans |
| ichthyosaurus | a large fishlike reptile, now extinct, that lived in the sea |
| plesiosaurus | any of several large sea reptiles that lived about 200 million years ago |