| A | B |
|---|
| Chemical symbol | a shorthand way of writing the name of an element |
| molecule | a group of atoms; the smallest part of a compound that can exist and still have the properties of the compound |
| atom | the smallest part of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element |
| ion | an atom with a charge; An ion can be positive or negative depending on whether it lost or received electrons. |
| nucleus | the dense central core of an atom. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons. |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| protons and electrons | There are the same number of these in an atom |
| Neutrons and Protons | These are found in the nucleus of the atom |
| Writing chemical symbols | All chemical symbols begin with a capital letter. If there are two letters, the second one is lower case |
| Chemical formulas | a short way to write the name of a compound |
| Chemical formulas | show how many atoms of each element are in a molecule of a compound |
| positive charge | charge of a proton |
| negative charge | charge of an electron |
| neutral charge | charge of a neutron |
| Covalent bond | formed when atoms share electrons in their bond |
| Ionic bond | formed when an atom gives up or gains an electron. The opposite charge holds the atoms together. |
| Octet rule | Atoms form bonds so they will have eight electrons in their outer shell |
| bonding of noble gases | Noble gases do not form bonds because their outer electron shell is full. |
| Valence electrons | electrons found in the outer electron shell. These are the only electrons involved in a chemical reaction |
| law of conservation of Mass | Matter can not be created or destroyed. It can only change forms. |
| Three kinds of chemical reactions | Synthesis, Decomposition, and Replacement |
| Chemical reactions | Be able to tell by looking at a chemical equation whether it is a synthesis, decomposition, or replacement reaction. Refer to your handout sheet on this information. Your textbook also has an example of each in lesson three. |
| Mendeleyev | developed the first periodic table |
| Democritus | suggested matter is made of atoms |
| Rutherford | discovered the nucleus of an atom |
| Dalton | proved atoms exist |
| Thomson | discovered electrons |
| Bohr | developed a model of an atom we still use today |
| Examples of chemical indicators | litmus paper, cabbage juice, pH paper |
| Signs of a chemical change | a gas is produced, there is a color change, heat or light is given off, a change in odor, a solid precipitate forms |
| In the presence of an indicator an acid will turn the indicator what color? | red |
| In the presence of an indicator a base will turn an indicator what Color? | blue or green depending on the indicator |
| Atomic Math | I will give you a chart with missing information. You will have to fill out this information: Atomic number, atomic mass, #of protons, # of neutrons, # of electrons. I will give enough information to fill in the missing numbers, but you will need to know the rules. |
| Rules of atomic math - atomic number | The atomic number is the same as the number of protons, or the number of electrons. All three of these numbers are the same. Ex. Atomic number is 10 then you will have 10 electrons and 10 protons. |
| Rules of Atomic math - atomic mass | The atomic mass is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. Example: There are 4 protons and 6 neutrons. The atomic mass will be 10. |
| Rules of Atomic math - neutrons | To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number form the atomic mass |
| Periodic table | I will give you an example of a square from the Periodic Table. You will need to label in information presented in the square. Refer to a Periodic Table or your notes for this. |
| Draw an atom | Given a square from a Periodic Table, you must draw the atom. Have you read the document on my teacher page about electron shell capacity? Know how to find how many electrons are in a shell. |
| Chemical compound | Know how to count the number of atoms in a compound. This should be in your notes. |
| Balancing chemical equations | You will have to balance five equations on this test. Review form the websites I have provided for you on my teacher page. |
