| A | B |
|---|
| diaphysis | shaft of the long bone |
| epiphysis | ends of the long bone |
| periosteum | connective tissue lining of the shaft of the bone |
| endosteum | lining of the marrow cavity |
| perforating fibers | also called Sharpey's fibers. connect periosteum to bone |
| volkmann's canals | canals that allow communication from outside to reach bone cells |
| remodeling of bone | occurs 1. calcium in blood 2. healthy stress (exercise) |
| compact bone | dense and looks smooth and homogenous |
| spongy bone | composed of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space |
| axial skeleton | the central portion - skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, coccyx and sacrum |
| appendicular skeleton | clavicle, scapula, arms, legs, pelvic girdle |
| functions of skeletal system | support, protection, movement, storage |
| long bones | longer than wide - femur |
| short bones | cube shaped - carpal bones |
| flat bones | thin, flat, usually curved - bones of skull |
| irregular bones | odd shaped bones - vertebrae |
| periosteum | connective tissue covering of shaft |
| articular cartilage | on epiphysis to reduce friction at bone articulations |
| epiphyseal line | the line left between the epiphysis and diaphysis |
| epiphyseal plate | in children, the cartilage area where growth occurs |
| medullary cavity | the marrow cavity in shaft of long bone |
| osteocytes | mature bone cells |
| osteoclasts | cells that break down bone |
| osteoblasts | cells that build bone |
| canaliculi | small, horizontal canals |
| haversian canals | larger canals that run vertical through bone |
| lacunae | cavities within bone that house osteocytes |
| bone formation | 1. hyaline cartilage covered by bone 2. cartilage digested away leaving medullary cavity |
| hematoma | cavity filled with blood from damaged blood vessels |
| reduction | the process of realigning a broken bone |
