| A | B |
|---|
| Critical Thinking | To examine assumptions, evaluate evidence, discern hidden values, and finally assess conclusions, while being: 1. Skeptical, but not cynical ; 2. Open, but not gullible |
| Rooting Reflex | A baby’s tendency; when touched on the cheek, the baby opens its mouth searching for the nipple (inborn). |
| Fixed – Ratio Schedules | A schedule of reinforcement for a response, reinforcing only after a specified number of responses. |
| Fixed – Interval Schedules | A schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response only after a specified time has elapsed. |
| Phi phenomenon | An illusion of movement created by multiple lights blinking on and off, creating a non-existing perceptual flow. |
| Farsightedness | A condition where faraway objects are seen more clearly than closer ones, due to an irregularity in the lens that places the image behind the retina. |
| Nearsightedness | A condition in which nearby objects are seen more clearly than distant objects, due to an irregularity in the lens that places the image in front of the retina. |
| Corpus Callosum | This is the somewhat white mattered structure that connects both hemispheres of the brain together by neural fibres allowing messages to be carried between them. |
| Occipital Lobes | The visual processing centre of the brain, located at the back of the head. |
| Reticular Formation | The nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal. |
| Glial Cells | These cells are what support, nourish and protect neurons. |
| Wernicke’s area | The area of the brain located in the left temporal lobe, which controls language, reception, and language comprehension. Damage to this area would make the purposes above to become difficult to accomplish. |
| Broca’s Area | The area of the brain located the right temporal lobe, which controls language expression (the area that directs the muscle movements in speech). Damage to the Broca’s Area would result in failure to speak. |
| Groupthink | The mode of thinking that occurs when harmony (no complications/arguments etc…) overrides realistic alternatives. |
| Super ordinate Goals | Shared goals that can override differences between conflicting groups, requiring their cooperation. |
| Scapegoat Theory | The theory that prejudice is an anger outlet by providing someone to blame. |
| Semantic Encoding | The encoding of meaning (words). |
| Acoustic Encoding | Encoding of sounds, especially the sound of words. |
| Latent Content | According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (erotic). |
| Hidden Observer | Hilgard’s term describing a hypnotized subject’s awareness of experiences, such as pain. |
