| A | B |
|---|
| Reservoir | lake that stores water for human use |
| Water Table | top of the saturated zone |
| Wetland | area covered with shallow water some or all of the year |
| Watershed | land area that supplies water to a river system |
| Eutrophication | process by which nutrients in a lake build up |
| Saturated zone | layer of permeable rock or soil that is saturated with water |
| Pores | spaces between rocks |
| Permeable | allow water to pass through |
| Impermeable | water cannot pass through easily |
| Unsaturated zone | layer of rock and soil above the water table is called the unsaturated zone |
| Aquifer | underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water |
| Artesian well | a well in which water rises because of the pressure within the aquifer |
| Importance of wetlands | control floods by absorbing extra runoff from heavy rains |
| Florida Everglades | fragile wetland environment that is home to the manatee and many endangered species |
| Recharge | new water that enters an aquifer from the surface |
| Estuary | coastal inlets or bays where fresh water from rivers mixes with the salty ocean water |
| Brackish | water that is partly salty and partly fresh |
| Salt marsh | It has tall, strong grasses, and a rich, muddy bottom |
| Mangrove forest | It has short trees with a thick tangle of roots. |
| Marsh | It has cattails, rushes and other tall grass-like plants |
| Swamp | It has trees and shrubs growing in the water |
| Bog | It has acidic water and mosses |
| Groundwater | Water that fills the cracks and pores in underground soil and rock layers |
| Levee | a long ridge formed by deposits or sediments along a river channel |
| Tributary | a stream that flows into a larger stream or river |
| River | a large stream |
| Runoff | Water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground |
| Sediment | Small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms which are moved by water or wind |
| Erosion | the process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil |
| Biotic | living things that affect an ecosystem |
| Abiotic | non-living things that affect an ecosystem |
| James River Watershed | Largest watershed in Virginia |
| Ecosystem | made up of the living community and the nonliving factors that effect it |
| Health of an Ecosystem | Directly related to the water quality |
| Examples of abiotic factors | water supply, topography, landforms, geology, soils, sunlight, and air quality |
| Examples of biotic factors | grass, trees, fish, humans, birds, mammals |
| Chesapeake Bay | Largest estuary in the United States |
| Watershed also called | a drainage basin |
| Divide | a ridge of land that separates watersheds from one another |
| Non-point source pollution | widely spread source of pollution that is difficult to link to a specific point of origin |
| Point source pollution | specific source of pollution that can be identified, such as a pipe |
| Iceberg | huge mass of ice and snow that moves slowly over the land |
