| A | B |
|---|
| What nickname did President Roosevelt use when referring to Joseph Stalin? | Uncle Joe |
| Why had their been feelings between the United States and Russia since 1917? | The United States supported the Anti-Communists in the Russian Revolution |
| At what conference was the future of Germany and Poland decided? | Yalta |
| What country was created from the combined zones of France, Great Britain and the United States? | West Germany |
| Why did Stalin want a government in Poland that was sympathetic to Russia? | Historically, Poland was used to invade Russia |
| This was when delegates from 50 Nations met and adopted a charter to try and keep wars from breaking out. | United Nations |
| What five countries would have permanent seats on the security council and a veto over proposed policies? | United States, Great Britain, France, U.S.S.R. and China |
| Who became President when Roosevelt died unexpectedly? | Harry S. Truman |
| What was the Potsdam Conference? | It was Truman's first meeting with Stalin, they continued to discuss the future of Germany and Poland, and Truman told Stalin of the successful testing of teh atom bomb. Stalin said he already knew and hoped it would be put to good use. |
| Why was Truman upset with Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Moltotov? | He did not allow Poland to have free elections, like he had agreed to. |
| What are satellite nations? | countries subject to Soviet domination on the western border of the U.S.S.R |
| What other countries fell to communist rule in the few years following World War II? | Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Yugoslavia |
| What was the country of East Germany called? | German Democratic Republic |
| Who became the Communist leader of Yugoslavia? | Josip Broz, better known as Tito |
| In a speech at Westminster College, what did Winston Churchill say had falled over Europe? | an Iron Curtain |
| The competition that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union for power and influence in the world was known as what? | the cold war. |
| This was a foreign policy developed by George Keenan which recognized that Eastern Europe was lost and that the United States should resist attempts to form communist governments in other parts of the world. | Containment |
| This was a narrow strait in Turkey that would give the Soviet ports on the Black Sea access to the Mediterranean. | Dardanelles |
| Which country announced that they could no longer afford to provide aid to Greece and Turkey. | Great Britain |
| Truman made a speech before Congress where he called on the United States to support countries that were fighting communism. This became known as the ________ Doctrine. | Truman |
| Who developed the plan where the United States would help to rebuild war-torn Europe. | George Marshall called the Marshall Plan |
| The United States, Great Britian, and France combined their occupation zones of Germany and created the country of ________________. | West Germany or the Federal Republic of Germany |
| Why did Stalin block Allied access to West Berlin? | Many Eastern Europeans left their homes in Commmunist Countries fled to East Berlin, and then crossed into West Berlin, so they were trying to close this escape route. |
| What was the Berlin Aircraft? | This was when Truman sent more than 200,000 flights to West Germany and they dropped food, medicine, and even chocolate |
| How did the Soviets respond to the Berlin airlift? | They eventually abandoned their blockade |
| Why was it hard for the Security Council of the United Nations to deal with many postwar problems? | The Soviets made frequent use of its veto in the Security Council |
| Louis St. Laurent proposed an association of democratic nations to defend Western Europe from attack by the Soviet Union. | NATO |
| What did NATO stand for? | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| What was the collective security principle of NATO? | an attack on one would be an attack on all. |
| How did the Soviet Union respond to NATO? | They developed the Warsaw Pact, a military alliance with the U.S.S.R and its satellite nations in Eastern Europe. |
| What was the Civil Defense Administration? | It told people how to survive a nuclear attack, plans for bomb shelters, and schools held bomb raid drills |
| Who led the fight for a Non-Communist China? | Jiang Jieshi |
| Who led the fight for a Communist China? | Mao Zedong |
| In the struggle for China, which side did the United States aide? | Jiang Jiehsi and the non-communists |
| What name was given to Communist China? | People's Republic of China |
| Where did Jiang Jieshi and his followers retreat to after they lost their battle for China? | Taiwan |
| What was Truman's Loyalty Program? | All federal employees were investigated and those accused of being disloyal were brought before the loyalty review board |
| What commmittee formed by the House of Representatives investigated government agencies and even more so, the Hollywood movie industry. | House on Un-American Activities Committee |
| Who were the Hollywood Ten? | They were ten people from Hollywood that were accused of Un-American activities and at their hearing they invoked the 5th amendment. |
| What was the result of the Hollywood Ten hearings? | They were sentenced to jail for contempt of court. |
| This was a list of people who employers agreed not to hire. | blacklist |
| What was the McCarran-Walter Act? | It established the quota system for each country and discriminated aainst immigrants from Asia and Southern and Central Europe. |
| Who had been a high ranking State Department Official and the editor of Time Magazine who was acused of being a Soviet spy | Alger Hiss |
| What was the outcome of the Alger Hiss trial? | He was convicted of perjury and sentenced to four years in prison |
| This was a couple who were accused of passing secrets to the Soviets during World War II. | Julius and Ethel Rosenberg |
| What was the outcome of the Rosenberg Trial? | both were found guilty and executed. |
| What was the Yalta Conference? | Roosevelt met with Stalin and Churchill to decide the future of Germany and Poland |
| When France, Great Britain, and the United States combined their occupation zones in Germany it became the country of ____________. | West Germany |
| Why did the Soviet Union want a government in Poland that was sympathetic to them? | Historically, Poland was used to invade the Soviet Union |
| This was where delegates from 50 Nations met and adopted a charter or a statement of principles which said that they would try and keep wars from breaking out and would end those that did. | United Nations |
| Who were the permanent members of the Security Council of the United Nations and had a veto over proposed policies. | Great Britain, Frane, China, the Soviet Union and the United States |
| At what conference did Truman tell Stalin about their atomic bomb in order to intimidate him, but he already knew about it. | Postdam Conference |
| Who was the soviet Foreign Miniser who said he would allow Poland sot have their own elections. | Vyacheslav Moltotov |
| What Eastern European countries fell to Communist rule in the post- World War II era? | Albania, Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, and East Germany |
| Communist Germany became known by what name? | the German Democratic Republic |
| What did Finland's Treaty of Cooperation with the Soviet Union say? | It said Finland must remain neutral in foreign affairs, but they could manage their own domestic affairs. |
| Who became the leader of Yugoslavia when it became Communist? | Josip Broz, better known as Tito |
| What was cominform? | A Soviet agency intended to direct the activities of Communist parties throughout the world |
| Who defeated Churchill in the election for Prime Minister of Great Britain? | Clement Atlee |
| When Churchill spoke at Westminster College what did he say had fallen on Europe? | an Iron curtain |
| This was the name given to the competition that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union for power and influence in the world. | cold war |
| Under this foreign policy, the United States recognized that Eastern Europe was lost and that the United States should resist all attempts to form communist governments elsewhere in the world. | containment |
| Who was the top American diplomat stationed in the U.S.S.R that came up with the policy of containment? | George Keenan |
| Why did Stalin want control of the Dardanelle's? | It was a narrow strait in Turkey that would give the Soviet ports on the Black Sea access to the Meditteranean |
| What country announced that due to their devastation during World War II, they could no longer provide aid to Greece and Turkey? | Great Britain |
| What was the Truman Doctrine? | It said the United States would support countries that were fighting communism |
| Two what two countries did the U.S. provide aid to soon after the Truman Doctrine was issued? | Turkey and Greece |
| When did the cold war start? | Hard feelings between the countries started with the Russian Revolution in 1917. Americans sent troops to Russia to support the Anti-Communists. The U.S. did not recognize the extistence of the U.S.S.R until 1933. |
| What issues caused mistrust between the Soviet Union and the U.S. during World War II? | Even though they were Allies during World War II, they were not truly friends. They disagreed over military strategy and the U.S.S.R was upset it took the Allies so long to open a second front in Europe. They disagreed on the need for German reparations after the war. The Soviet Union did not live up to their Yalta promise and allow free elections in Poland. U.S.S.R had not been included in the Manhattan Project. |
| How did the Soviet Union respond to the Iron Curtain speech? | they persuaded their population that the United States and Great Britain were their enemies and they began to build up their military |
| What is reconversion? | the social and economic transition from wartime to peacetime |
| What was the serviceman's readjustment act? | It was also known as the GI Bill. It provided money to veterans to attend college or receive advanced job training. It also arranged loans for those wishing to buy a home. It is still in existence today. |
| With many consumers wanting to purchase goods, what was one of Truman's biggest challenges? | How to control inflation while lifting rationing and price controls |
| What was the Taft-Harley Act? | It said the president could stop strikes when national interests were at stake. He could call an 80 day cooling off period in strikes in which workers were required to continue working with the government conducted a study of the situation. |
| How did Truman want to end the Railroad Strike in 1946? | He wanted to draft them into the army as soldiers and then force them to go back to work. This idea was rejected by the Senate |
| What was executive order 9981? | It ended segregation in the military |
| Who is Felix Longoria? | He was a Mexican American soldier who had been killed during the last days of WWII. His body was returned to his hometown in Texas and the local funeral home refused to provide burial services because of his background. The GI forum and its Texas Leader, Hector Garcia, accepted LBJ's offer that he be buried at Arlington National Cemetery. |
| Why did Southern Democrats not support Truman? | He was in favor of Civil Rights, they supported Strum Thurmond from South Carolina |
| Who won the Presidential election between Truman and Dewey? | Truman, but the newspapers printed early and said Dewey won. |
| What was the name of President Truman's package? | The Fair Deal |
| What did the Fair Deal promise? | full employment, high minimum wage, national health insurance program, construction of affordable housing, increased aid to farmers, expansion of welfare benefits. |
| What was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? | It was passed in December of 1948. It stated that all human beings are born free and equal, it called for the end to slavery, torture, and inhumane punishment. It demanded a variety of civil rights, including the right to assembly and the right to access the courts. It stated that elementary education should be free and available to all. |
| What did the World Bank do? | It provided loans and grants to countries for the purpose of reducing poverty |
| What did the International Monetary Fund do? | promoted orderly financial relationships between counties. It was designed to prevent economic crisis and encourage trade and economic growth. |
| Did the Soviet Union take part in the World Ban or the International Monetary Fund? | no |
| This set rules and regulations for International Trade and was designed to prevent barriers to trade. | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
| What does detonate mean? | to cause an explosion |
| Jiang Jieshi was also known as who? | Chaing Kai-shek |
| Why was fear of communism growing in the late 1940's? | Americans worried about the spread of communism in Europe, the crisis in Berlin, the Soviet Union tests atomic weapons, and communist control of China. |
| What event caused President Truman to strengthen the nation's military? | discovery that the Soviet Union had deotonated an atomic bomb |
| What was the Smith Act? | It made it a crime to call for the overthrow of the U.S. government or belong to an organization that did so. |
| What was the outcome of Dennis v. United States? | It decided that if the domestic danger posed by Communistswas grave and probable it justified their limits on free speech |
| In what case did the Supreme Court uphold that it was a crime only when a person called for specific actions to overthrow the government. | Yates v. United States |
| What act required communist organizations to register with the government? | McCarran Act |
| He was a Manhattan Project scientist who gave atomic bomb information to the Soviets and was sentenced to jail. | Klaus Fuchs |
| Who is usually considered responsible for starting the Red Scare? | Senator Joseph McCarthy |
| After World War II, which nation occupied Korea? | Japan |
| What became the didviding line in Korea? | the 38th parallel |
| After Japan's surrender, who controlled Korea North of the 38th parallel? | The Soviet Union |
| Who was the first leader of North Korea? | Kim Il Sung |
| Who led South Korea? | Syngman Rhee |
| How did the Korean War start? | North Korea invaded South Korea |
| What was the capital of South Korea? | Seoul |
| How did the United Nations respond in Korea? | The United Nations security council voted unanimously in favor of the use of force in Korea. |
| Which countries on the security council of the United Nations has veto powers? | United States, U.S.S.R, China, Great Britain, and France |
| Why was Korea not considered a war and what term was used instead? | Korea was considered a police action. Only Congress can declare war and they did not. |
| Who was the commander in the Korean War? | Douglas McArthur |
| This was when UN forces made an amphibious landing behind North Korean lines. | Inchon landing |
| As the UN forces advance to the northern border of North Korea, who enters the war on the side of the North Koreans? | China |
| Why was General McCarthur fired? | He was fired for insubordination. |
| What famous quote was made by McCarthur in his farewell speech? | "old soldiers never die, they just fade away." |
| What was the final outcome of the Korean War? | the boundary remained at the 38th parallel and many soldiers lost their lives. |
| What was Truman's first priority as President? | reconversion |
| What happened to the American economy whenthe rationing and price controls of World War II were gone? | saw inflation |
| What industry striked in 1946 and caused a big disruption in the economy? | the Railroad Strike |
| How did Truman want to deal with the Railroad strike? | He wanted to draft them into the army and then as soldiers force them to go back to work. This idea was rejected by the Senate. |
| What was the Taft-Hartley Act? | It allowed the President to call an 80 day cooling off period in strikes that affected national interest in which workers were required to continue working while the government studied the situation. |
| In the 1948 election, what occurred in the democratic party? | the democratic party split |
| Who led the State's Rights or the Dixicrat party? | Strom Thurmond of South Carolina |
| The Liberal Wing of the Democratic party deserted Truman to follow who? | Henry Wallace of the Progressive Party |
| Who was the Republican Candidate in 1948? | Thomas Dewy |
| What technique did Truman use to win the 1948 election? | He traveled the country making speeches and told farmers that the reason they would not get more storage bins and would have to sell their grain for a low price was because of Congress. |
| What nickname did Truman give the 80th Congress? | the "do-nothing Congress" |
| What slogan did people begin using about Harry S. Truman? | "Give em Hell, Harry" |
| The Chicago Tribune, as well as most of the experts were sure Truman would lose. The Chicago Tribune was so sure, what did they do? | They printed their morning edition early and the headline read that Dewey had won. |
