| A | B |
|---|
| performance anxiety | when you have to perform next you tend not to remember the information before your performance |
| peg method | create associations between number-word rhymes and items to be memorized |
| echoic memory | fleeting auditory memory, lasts slightly longer than iconic memory |
| concrete operational | 6/7 to 12 years, understands shape change does not mean quantitly change, understands that mathermatical transformations are possible |
| pre-conventional morality | self-interest, children obey either to avoid punishment or gain rewards |
| bottom-up processing | detection of the physical energy and the encoding it as neural signs |
| transduction | the process that our sensory systems converts stimulus energy into neural messages |
| feature detectors | nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features in the scene, such as shape, angle or movement |
| opponent-process theory | visual info is analyzed in terms of opponent colours:red-green, blue-yellow, etc. In the retina and thalamus some neurons are turned on while the opponent neurons are turned off. Explains afterimages |
| retinal disparity | provides info about the relative distance between objects, does this by combining the different images that are received by our two retinas |
| cocktail party effect | the ability to selectively attend to only one voice among many |
| light constancy | to perceive an object as having constant lightness even when the light reflected off it changes |
| perceptual set | our mental predispositions and experiences influence what we perceive, these are based on our assumptions and expectations. |
| REM rebound | REM sleep increases after being deprived of it, REM function seems to be deeply biological |
| hypnosis | social intteraction where a hypnotist suggests to a subject that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur |
| dissociation | split between levels of consciousness, hypnosis dissociates the sensations of pain from emotional suffering |
| drive reduction theory, Clarck Hull | we are driven to maintain balance, both physiologically and psycologically. Homeostasis: You are hungry? then eat |
| Maslow's hierarchy of needs | some motives to meet some needs are stronger that others, we must satisfy these base needs before we can go on to the next level : 1) physiological needs 2) safety 3) love 4) esteem 5) self actualization |
| achievement motivation | the desire for mastery of skills or ideas, for control, for high standards,prefers moderately difficult tasks where success is obtainable due to skill and effort, achieve more often and are highly disciplined |
| circadian rhythm | our biological clock which regulates our 24/25 hour cycle. |
