| A | B |
|---|
| Teratogens | harmful agents that can reach the embryo or fetus during development |
| Cognitive Map | mental representation of the layout of one's environment |
| Visual Capture | the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses |
| Amnesia | the loss of memory |
| Drive-reduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need |
| False consensus effect | the tendency to overestimate others' agreement with us |
| Range | the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution |
| Physical dependance | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued |
| Circadian rhythm | our biological clock which regulates our 24/25 hour cycle |
| Social facilitation | performance on easy or well-learned tasks is stronger when in the presence of others |
| Retrieval | the process of getting information out of memory storage |
| Amygdala | component of the limbic system that influences aggression and fear |
| Phoneme | in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit |
| Colour constancy | our ability to perceive familiar objects as having consistent color, even if the context changes |
| Plasticity | the brain has the ability to reorganize itself, following damage |
| Manifest content | according to Freud, the remembered storyline of a dream |
| Stereotype | a generalized belief about a group of people |
| Cross-sectional study | a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another; shows that intelligence declines with age |
| Axon | long, thin structure that extends from the cell body and carries signals away from it |
| Law of effect | behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely and behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely |
