| A | B |
|---|
| polar molecule | opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges |
| cohesion | hydrogen bonds holding substance together |
| adhesion | clinging of one substance to another |
| surface tension | measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid |
| kinetic energy | energy in motion |
| heat | measure of total quantity of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter |
| temperature | measures the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy |
| calorie | unit of heat |
| specific heat | heat that must be absorbed/lost for that substance to change temperature |
| heat of vaporization | amount of heat need to convert liquid to gas state |
| evaporative cooling | hottest molecules leave liquid as gas |
| solution | homogeneous mixture of two or more substances |
| solvent | dissolving agent |
| solute | substance that is dissolved |
| aqueous solution | water is the solvent |
| hydration shell | sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion |
| hydrophilic | water loving |
| hydrophobic | water fearing |
| molecular weight | sum of the weights of all the atoms in a molecule |
| molarity | number of moles of solute per liter of solution |
| hydrogen ion | +1 charge |
| hydroxide ion | -1 charge |
| buffers | substances that minimize changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution |
| acid precipitation | rain, snow, or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.6 |
