| A | B |
|---|
| erosion | the transport of weathered material |
| deposition | the setting down of weathered material in a new location |
| mass movement | any type of erosion that happens as gravity moves materials downslope |
| talus slope | pile of rocks and rock particles that collects at the base of a slope |
| deflation | wind blows across loose sediment, removing small particles like silt and sand |
| loess | fine-grained sediments from glacial outwash deposited by winds |
| roche moutonnees | rounded knobs of bedrock carved by a glacier; literally sheep rock |
| hanging valley | a small glacial valley above the main valley |
| erratic | large rocks left behind by a retreating glacier that do not match the local bedrock |
| till | unsorted sediments left by a glacier |
| stratified drift | sorted sediments found in an outwash plain |
| moraine | a ridge of till deposited by a retreating glacier |
| drumlin | an oval-shaped mound of till formed when a glacier runs over an old moraine |
| outwash plain | area in front of a glacier where melt water from the glacier flows |
| kettle lake | a lake formed when a large piece of a glacier falls off and is buried in the till |
| striation | a small scratch in the bedrock formed by glacial abrasion |
| groove | a deep gouge in the bedrock formed by glacial abrasion |
| esker | a glacial outwash deposit that looks like a long, winding ridge |
| gradient | slope |
| oxbow lake | a horse shoe shaped lake formed when a meander is cut off from the rest of a river |
| bed | the bottom of the river |
| banks | the sides of a river |
| back swamps | low-lying wetlands formed behind the levees of old age rivers |
| plunge pool | a deep pool formed at the bottom of a waterfall by abrasion |
| rejuvenate | to make young again |
| cut bank | the outside edge of a meander where erosion is happening at the fastest rate due to the high velocity of the water |
| point bar | a deposit of sediments on the inside edge of a meander due to the low velocity of the water |
| tributary | a small stream that adds water to a larger stream or river |
| terrace | steps of land that can be formed artifically or naturally when a rejuvinated river cuts deeper down into its floodplain |
| headland | rocky parts of the shoreline that jut out into the ocean |
| bay | protected areas of water between two headlands |
| longshore current | movement of water parallel to a shoreline |
| swash | the motion of a wave as it washes up the beach |
| backwash | the motion of a wave as gravity pulls it back towards the ocean |
| spit | a long, narrow deposit of sand connected at one end to the shore |
| tombolo | a spit of sand that connects an island to the mainland |
| sea wall | a solid wall build along a cliff to protect from wave abrasion and erosion |
| rip rap | loose boulders piled on a slope to prevent erosion |
| breakwater | a line or rocks placed parallel to the shoreline; they are supposed to slow the waves down before they reach the shoreline |
| jetty | a line of rocks placed perpendicular to the shoreline in order to stop a longshore current |
