| A | B |
|---|
| Neutrality Acts | Banned arms sales or loans to countries at war |
| Good Neighbor Policy | Franklin Roosevelt withdrew American troops from Nicaraqua & from Haiti. He also withdrew the Platt amendment |
| Dictator | Ruler who has complete power over a country |
| Who was the dictator of Italy and developed the Fascist Party? | Benito Mussolini |
| Fascist Party | They controlled the press and banned criticism of the gov't. They had to have total obedience to Mussolini |
| Adolf Hitler | Organized a political party call the National Socialist German Worker's Party or Nazis to help him win power. He believed in a superior "Aryan" race and blamed the Jews for their troubles |
| What year did Hilter become Chancellor, or head of the German gov't? | 1933 |
| Totalitarian state | A single party that controls the gov't & every aspect of the lives of the people |
| What is it like under a Totalitarian state? | *Critism of the gov't is not allowed *they control press, schools, & religion |
| Joseph Stalin | dictator in Soviet Union after Lenin |
| Collective farms | Gov't run farms |
| Aggression | any warlike act by one country against another without cause |
| Munich Conference | Hilter invited leaders of Britain & France to meet him in Munich, Germany in Sept. 1938. Hilter assured those leaders that he wanted no more territory |
| Appeasement | practice of giving in to aggression in order to avoid further conflict |
| Nazi-Soviet Pact | Hilter & Stalin agreed not to attack each other. Secretly they agreed to divide up Poland & other parts of Eastern Europe |
| What triggered WWII? | Germany's invasion on Poland |
| Axis Powers | Itlay, Japan, Germany, & 6 other nations |
| Allies | Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States, China, & 45 other countries |
| WWII was a what? | global conflict and most destructive war in human history |
| Blitzkrieg | Lightning war |
| Battle of Britain | German planes pounded London & other British cities |
| what new invention to detect the approach of enemy planes was used in the Battle of Britain? | radar |
| Cash n Carry Plan | US could sell arms to the Allies. The Allies had to pay cash and carry them away in their own ships |
| What did the US do to prepare for war? | *Congress approved greater spending for army & navy *held the first peacetime draft |
| Lend-Lease Act | congress passed to allow sales or loans of war material to 'any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the US." |
| Atlantic Charter | In August 1941 Roosevelt & Churchill agreed to seek no territorial gain from the war. They organized League of Nations & all people could choose their own form of gov't. |
| Who planned a secret attack on US? | Japan |
| Where did Japan attack & sink or damage 19 American ships, destroy almost 200 planes, and killl about 2.400 people? | Pearl Harbor, Hawaii |
| US victory depended on successfully doing what? | Mobilizing the home front |
| How did the US mobilze the home front? | *Volunteers signed up to join army & navy * people took jobs in key war industries * built bases across country * Gov't set prices & rationed goods |
| What were some new roles for women? | *better pay & working conditions * Wore pants and tied scarves in their hair * Gained more confidence |
| Philip Randolph | He called for protest march on Washington because of discrimination on African Americans |
| What language was used as a code for sending vital messages during the war? | The Navajo |
| Who's loyalty was questioned after the attack on Pearl Harbor? | Japanese Americans |
| Battle of Midway | Tide of war turns in June 1942 when American planes sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers |
| When did Germany surrender to the Allies? | May 7, 1945 |
| Who committed suicide on April 30, 1945? | Adolf Hitler |
| V-E Day | On May 8th the Allies celebrated the long awaited victory in Europe |
| What were the 2 main goals of the US in the pacific | *Regain the Philippines * Invade Japan |
| Island hopping | Capturing some Japanese held islands and going around others - stepping stones toward Japan |
| Kamikaze attacks | Japanese soldiers loaded old planes with bombs & pilots deliberately crashed their planes into Allied ships |
| Potsdam Declaration | Allied leaders met in Potsdam, Germany and sent a message to Japan to surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction." |
| Where was the atomic bomb dropped on August 6, 1945 | Hiroshima, Japan |
| Where was the 2nd atomic bomb dropped? | Nagasaki, Japan |
| V-J Day | Japan surrenders - Victory over Japan |
| Bataan Death March | Japanese forced about 60,000 American & Filipino prisoners to march 100 miles with little or no food. About 10,000 of them died or were killed |
| Holocaust | Hilter's policy of killing Jews |
| Nazi death camps | *tortured, starved & murdered more than 6 million Jews *gas chambers |
| Nuremberg Trials | Axis leaders on trial - held in Nuremberg, Germany. 12 Nazi leaders were sentenced to death & many imprisoned |
