| A | B |
|---|
| Silk Road | trade route across Asia linked China to the middle East & served as an avenue for cultural diffusion |
| Buddhism | religion spread from india to china along the Silk Road [ cultural diffusion] Principles = FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS - to eliminate personal suffering you must eliminating selfish desires by following the EIGHTFOLD PATH |
| Confucianism | Philosophy spread from China to korea to Japan; Principles - to maintain SOCIAL & POLITICAL ORDER; 5 RELATIONSHIPS; PROPER BEHAVIOR |
| Legalism | • Strict Laws & Harsh Punishments keep order |
| Mongols & expansion | Fierce warriors; skilled on horseback; Genghis Khan & his ancestors created the largest empire ever included China, Russia, Central Asia, parts of India, the Middle East & Eastern Europe and included many diverse cultures; Protected Trade along the Silk Road & Pax Monogolia – brought peace & political stability across Asia |
| Impact of Marco Polo | Italian merchant visited China 17 years, wrote a book about the riches of China that MADE EUROPEANS WANT TO TRADE WITH CHINA |
| Tributary states | independent countries that pay a tribute [tax] to China & recognize China’s superiority [China is boss] |
| Characteristics of women in China | Inferior to men; Managed household; Bound their feet as a sign of beauty; Were NOT allowed public roles – could not become government officials |
| 3 levels of Chinese society | 1. Gentry – upper class land owners; 2. Peasants – worked the land; 3. Merchants – lowest class because they made money off from other’s labor |
| Grand Canal | linked the Huang He & Yangtzi Rivers to help trade |
| Zheng He | sea captain, expanded overseas trade & exploration |
| Geography of Korea & impact | Mountainous peninsula surrounded on three sides by the sea – large fishing industry; Close to China = cultural diffusion – borrowed many Chinese ideas & passed them on to Japan |
| Shinto | Traditional Japanese religion; belief that all things in nature have spirits [trees, lakes, etc.] which should be respected; had many mountains, earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis that made the Japanese take notice of nature – the religion of Shinto developed from this |
| Japanese Feudalism | like European Feudalism – Japanese samurai warriors served Daimyo [land-owning lords] just as European knights served Lords in Europe. |
| Bushido | Japanese Samurai followed the behavior code of bushido [brave, loyal, true] like chivalry, a code of behavior for European knights |
| Japanese culture | Japan borrowed many ideas from China & Korea, but maintained its own unique, individual culture. |
