| A | B |
|---|
| making of proteins | Protein Synthesis |
| ribonucleic acid/single strand of nucleic acid | RNA |
| Carries message from DNA to ribosome | m-RNA |
| transports proteins to the correct codon on the m-RNA molecule | t-RNA |
| series of 3 nitrogen bases on m-RNA;code for amino acids | Codon |
| series of 3 nucleotides complementary to codon | Anticodon |
| organelles that function as site of protein synthesis | Ribosomes |
| Synthesis of RNA on a DNA template | Transcription |
| synthesis of polypeptide using genetic info encoded in m-RNA molecule | Translation |
| Replacement of one nitrogen base with another | Point Mutation |
| insertion or deletion of a nitrogen base | Frameshift Mutation |
| Segment of DNA that contains genes which are expressed | Exons |
| segment of DNA containing numerous repeating noncoding stretches of nucleotides | Introns |
| Unit of Heredity | Gene |
| Changing DNA by changing genes | Genetic Engineering |
| DNA molecule carrying genes derived from two or more sources | Recombinant DNA(rDNA) |
| Scientists determining sequences of nucleotides in the Human Genome | Human Genome Project |
| Unit of genetic regulation common in prokaryotes;cluster of genes with related functions | Operon |
| Bacterial enzymes witch protect bacteria from intruding DNA | Restriction Enzymes |
| Gene that creates the repressor | Structural Gene |
| Site where RNA polymerase binds to DNA to begin trancription of m-RNa | Promoter |
| Site where repressor molecule binds to turn off gene | Operator |
| Protein produced by regulatory gene that can attach to the operator, turning the structural gene off | Repressor |
| Enzyme that links together the chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription, using DNA as a template | RNA Polymerase |
| Controls the operon and produces a special gene called the repressor | Regulatory Gene |
| To maintain a set of desired characteristics, the breeder the breeder will mate organisms of the same "Stock"(closely related) | Inbreeding |
| Mating individuals with the desired trait | Selective Breeding |
| Cross between dissimilar individuals;offspring frequently hardier than either parent | Hybridization |
| A breeder exposes organisms to substances which cause mutations such as radiation | Mutagens |
| A labeled single-stranded nucleic acid molecule used to find a specific gene or other nucleotide sequence within a mass of DNA | Nucleic Acid Probe |
| A method for sorting proteins and nucleic acids primarily on the basis of their electric charge | Gel Electrophoresis |
| The process of determining the exact sequence of nucleotides within a strand of DNA | DNA Sequencing |
| Determining an individual through a unique collection of DNA restriction fragments, detected by electrophoresis and nucleic acid probes | DNA Fingerprinting |
| Organisms that have acquired one or more gene by artificial means;also known as a genetically modified organism | Transgenic Organism |
| Two double-stranded DNA fragments with single-stranded ends, | Sticky Ends |
| Take cell of one animal egg, remove egg, take nucleus from other organism and sap it into the egg | Animal Cloning |
| A technique in which a segment of DNA can be amplified in a test tube without using living cells | PCR |
| A DNA molecule carrying genes derived from two or more substances | Recombinant DNA |
| A single-ring nitrogen base found in RNA | uracil |
