| A | B |
|---|
| Amphetamines | Stimulants used to raise energy and stamina levels |
| Anabolic Steroids | A class of steroids which promote cell growth and are often used by athletes to build muscle. They may be injected or taken orally. |
| Blood Doping | The use of genes or genetic elements to enhance athletic performance. Because no foreign substances enter the bloodstream, gene doping presents a unique challenge regarding detection and prevention. Genetic elements are currently identified by bone or muscle testing only. Researchers hope blood tests will eventually be able to detect these elements in abusers |
| Doping | The use of drugs or unlawful supplements to improve the physical conditioning, performance, or endurance of an athlete. |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | A hormone produced by the kidneys which aids in the creation of red blood cells. The hormone is stimulated by the human endocrine system to produce more actively in times of decreased oxygen levels in the bloodstream. |
| Gene Doping | The use of genes or genetic elements to enhance athletic performance. Because no foreign substances enter the bloodstream, this presents a unique challenge regarding detection and prevention. Currently this is only identified by bone or muscle testing. Researchers hope blood tests will eventually be able to detect these elements in abusers |
| Testosterone | A naturally occurring male hormone that can also be produced synthetically and is often used as drug treatments for various medical disorders |
| Performance Enhancing Drugs | Drugs, steroids, and other illegal substances that give athletes a competitive edge |
| Supporters of Mandatory Drug Testing | Those who question the real ability of athletes who use illegal supplements, and question the legitimacy of their achievements |
| Opponents of Mandatory Drug Testing | Those who believe that drug testing violates the rights of privacy and may not be accurate |
