| A | B |
|---|
| monk | a person who practices religious asceticism |
| asceticism | the doctrine to renounce worldly pleasures to achieve a high spiritual state |
| monastic life | the life of a monk living within a monastery |
| consecrated virgins | a woman who has dedicated herself to a life of virginity or perpetual chastity in the service of God |
| Saint Paul of Thebes | also known as Saint Paul the First Hermit |
| anchoritic | living as a monk in solititude |
| cenobitic | living as a monk in a community |
| Rule of St Benedict | established by St Benedict in 529 |
| abbot | the superior of an abbey of monks |
| St Athanasius | western monasticism was influenced by his travels to the Eastern monasteries |
| St Benedict | established 12 small communities of monks at Subiaco |
| purpose of the monk | to cultivate a more disciplined spiritual life and work out his salvation |
| Monte Cassino | the motherhouse of the Benedictines |
| manual labor | played a central role in the monastic life |
| Montalembert | the great nineteenth-century historian of the monks |
| Cistercians | a reform-minded Benedictine order established at Citeaux in 1098 |
| waterpower was used to do these tasks | crushing wheat, sieving flour, fulling cloth, and tanning |
| mechanization | the condition of having a highly technical implementation |
| metallurgy | the science and technology of metals |
| Father Francesco Lana-Terzi | earned the honor of being called the father of aviation |
| Peter Lightfoot | a 14th century monk built one of the oldest clocks still in existence |
| industrial era | a period from 18th to 19th century where major changes |
| Monasteries were used for these purposes | gratuitous inn, resting place for travelers, pilgrims and the poor |
| contrivances | devices used for particular purposes |
| Bishop Absalon | founder of monastery in Copenhagen |
| Carthusian | order of monks established by St Bruno |
| Gerbert of Aurillac | became Pope Sylvester II |
| Saint Patrick | given credit for Irish scholarships and centers for learning |
| Greek Dark Ages | writing simply disappeared amid chaos and disorder |
| university system | the monks greatest contribution to the Western civilization |
