| A | B |
|---|
| arbitrator | a person chosen to settle a dispute between two groups |
| arch | A curved structure that shapes the edge of an open space, such as, a
doorway, a window. |
| archeologist | scientist who studies the lives of early peoples by analyzing
objects they left behind |
| Archimedes | (287-212 BCE) Greek mathematician and inventor. He wrote
works on plane and solid geometry, arithmetic, and mechanics. He
is best known for the lever and pulley. |
| archipelago | A group or chain of islands. |
| architect | A person who designs buildings. |
| Aristarchus | (310?-250? BCE) Greek scientist who first stated that the Earth
revolved around the Sun, and rotated on its axis. |
| aristocracy | government headed by a privileged minority or upper class |
| armistice | A truce during wartime. |
| artifact | object made by human beings |
| artisan | A person who is skilled at a craft, such as weaving, or woodcarving. |
| Aryans | Nomadic warriors from Central Asia who migrated into India around
1500 BCE. They are responsible for many aspects of current Indian
culture including their language, sacred texts called the Vedas, and a
system of government that later evolved into the caste system. |
| Asian Tigers | Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea. These nations
have experienced rapid economic growth and prosperity due to
industrialization, and were aligned both politically, and
economically with the West throughout the Cold War |
| Asoka | (?-232 BCE) King of the Maurya dynasty. He ruled nearly the entire
subcontinent of India. He also was instrumental in the spread of
Buddhism after his conversion. |
| assassination | The killing of a political leader or other public figure. |
| assimilation | absorb or adopt another culture |
| Association of Southeast Asian Nations | Multinational organization that
cooperates economically by lowering
trade barriers, such as, tariffs, to
encourage commerce between
member nations. |
| astrolabe | A device used to determine latitude by observing the altitude and
position of the sun or other start or planet. |
| astronomer | A person who specializes in the study of astronomical bodies. |
| Aswan High Dam | Dam across the Nile River in Egypt. Created Lake Nassar
and helps to create more farmland. Built between 1960
and 1970. |
| Mustafa Kemel Atatürk | (1881-1938) Nationalist leader of Turkey who is
responsible for modernizing and westernizing his
country after World War I. This enabled Turkey to
resist imperialist attempts at takeover by various
European powers. |
| Atman | In Hinduism, the human soul. |
| Augustus | (63 BCE – 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE – 14 CE) He
restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of
turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar. |
| Austro-Hungarian Empire | Also known as Austria-Hungary, or the Hapsburg
Empire, as it was ruled by the Habsburg
monarchy from 1867 to 1918. Austria-Hungary
extended over most of central Europe. It was
composed the modern day countries of Austria,
Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, as
well as parts of present-day Poland, Romania,
Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. |
| autocracy | government where a ruler has complete authority over the
government and the lives of the people |
