| A | B |
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| The removal of soil by gravity, wind, and running water is called _____. | Erosion |
| Rocks formed from the cooling and hardening of hot, molten magma or lava are called _____. | Igneous |
| A rock that has changed from one type of rock to another by heat or pressure is a _____ rock. These rocks might also have a swirled look. | Metamorphic |
| What type of rock is limestone? | Sedimentary |
| The slow movement of Earth's landmasses riding on continental and oceanic plates is called _____. | Continental Drift |
| The instrument that measures vibrations of the Earth especially in an earthquake is called a _____. | Seismograph |
| What causes movement of material within the Earth? | The Earth's heat energy |
| The center of the Earth is called the _____. | Inner core |
| The thinnest layer of the Earth is the outside layer called the _____. | Crust |
| A large, slow moving mass of ice is called a _____. | Glacier |
| When a tree is turned into stone over a period of years, the tree becomes a _____. | Fossil |
| In which type of rock do fossils form? | Sedimentary |
| When weathering changes the size and shape of rocks, this is called _____. | Physical Weathering |
| When the minerals that make up a rock are changed, this is called _____. | Chemical Weathering |
| As rocks change from one form to another and back again over many years, this is called the _____. | Rock Cycle |
| A volcano that hasn't erupted in a while but still could, is _____. | Dormant |
| Another name for molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth is _____. | Magma |
| Which layer of the Earth is the hottest? | Inner core |
| When plates of the Earth move and come together or slide past each other, what event takes place? | Earthquakes |
| What type of boundary is formed where two tectonic plates come together? | Convergent Boundary |
| Name three types of rocks. | Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic |
| How can sedimentary rock be changed into metamorphic rock? | Heat and pressure are added |
| What are the four main layers of the Earth? | Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core |
| Melted (molten) rock flowing from a volcano is callede _____. | Lava |
| The crust of the Earth is made of _____. | Rock |
| Metals that are taken from rock are called _____. | Ores |
| A delta is a fan-shaped sediment deposit formed at the mouth of a river. What process formed the delta? | Rocks were weathered into small pieces and were swept away by the water through erosing. The size of the delta varies depending on the amount of erosion. |
| What are some causes of erosion? | Wind and water |
| What type of boundary is formed when tectonic plates move apart? | Divergent boundary |
| Describe transform fault boundaries. | Transform fault boundaries occur when plates slip past each other horizontally. |
| How are trenches, mid-ocean ridges, and mountain ranges formed? | By plate movement (past and present) |
| What is weathering? | The breaking down of minerals and rocks into small pieces (sediments) |
| Describe sedimentary rock. | Layers of sediment cemented together |
| What do scientists use to provide information about life and conditions of the past? | Fossils |
| The outer 2 layers of the Earth are composed primarily of _____ material. | Rocky |
| The innermost layers of the Earth are mostly made of _____ and _____. | Iron and nickel |
| As the depth beneath the surface of the Earth increases, the _____ increases. | Pressure |
| The thickest layer of the Earth is the _____. | Mantle |
| Which layer of the Earth is made of solid iron and nickel? | Inner core |
| Which layer of the Earth is shaped like a basketball? | Inner core |
| Why does a hillside with no plants erode faster than an area with a lot of plants? | Because plants, such as trees, help prevent or slow down erosion |
| What is the weakest agent of erosion? What is the strongest agent of erosion? | Wind (weakest) Running water (strongest) |
| What is the relationship between the size of a delta and erosion? | The larger the delta the greater the amount of erosion that has occurred. |
| Deposition is _____. | The process of weathered material being put down in a new location as a result of erosion. |
| The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces is called _____. | Weathering |
