| A | B |
|---|
| kidney produces 3 | renin for BP, erythropietin for RBC, Vit D |
| big risk for renal biopsy | bleeding - 25% cardiac output |
| BUN normals | 7-20 mg |
| creatinine normals | .06-1.5 |
| elevations in both BUN and creatinine mean | kidney dysfunction |
| glomerulonephritis is | inflammation but noninfectious w/widespread kidney damage |
| one major s/s of glomerulonephritis is | big eyes - periorbital edema |
| ARF - three categories | prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal disorders |
| hormone produced by kidney | erythropoietin |
| erythropoietin is needed for | red blood cell production |
| creatinine is | substance result from break down of amino acid waste |
| what causes acute glomerulonephritis | upper R infect, STREP, impetigo mumps, HebB |
| chronic glomerulonephritis is ____ damage | irreversible to nephrons |
| treatment for chronic glomeru | bedrest, sodium restrict, antibotics, vit & iron - dylasis |
| why do you have low RBC | excretion of erythrocytes - |
| 2 types of renal failure | ARF - CRF |
| 4 phases of ARF | initiation, oliguric, diuretic, recovery |
| most common type of renal failure | acute |
| initation phase | starts w/onset with decreased blood flow |
| oliguric phase | less than adequate urinary volume |
| ARF - 3 types | prerenal, intrrenal, postrenal |
| most common causes of ARF - prerenal | fluid volume loss - surgery, trauma, burns HF sepsis |
| intrarenal is what | conditions w/n kidney itself that destroys nephrons |
| postrenal is | obstructive problems below kidneys - stones, tumor prostate, foley |
| S/S for both ARF and CRF | high BP, wt gain, low urine output |
| S/S for CRF | face puffy, pale, ulcerations/bleeding GI, pruritus, dry scaly skin, oral mucus bleed |
| CRF - fluid volume and BP | renin released then angiotensin is converted by renin, BP and thirst |
| aldosterone is a | volume regulator - released in response to renin |
| osteodystophy | bones become demineralized because of vit K |
| renagel | GIVE WITH FOOD - binds to phosphorus in GI tract |
| epogen | stimulates RBC |
| dialysis - what is it | procedure for cleaning and filtering blood |
| dialysate - what is it | solution used during dialysis |
| hemodialysis | transporting blood from pt thru dialyzer |
| 2 ways for hemodialysis | arteriovenous fistula or graft |
| arteriovenous fistula | vessels joined - better patent w/few complications |
| arteriovenous graft | uses tube of synthetic material - connect vein & artery in upper arm or leg |
| nursing management dialysis | s/s over fistula infection, color nail beds, wash skin, avoid puncture to same site |
| most important nursing management dialysis | palpate for THRILL, BRUIT - NO INJECTIONS 2 hrs after |
| teaching hemodialysis | no carry heavy objects, loose sleeve clothes, sleep, no BP or punctures on side |
| what should dialysis pt do daily | wash site, listen for thrill and bruit |
| peritoneal dialysis | uses peritoneum, osmotic effect - drained by cath |
| peritoneal dialysis RISKS | peritonitis - s/s acute pain, rigid board like abd, fever |
| all renal pt need strict ___ and ___ | I&O and daily weight |
