| A | B |
|---|
| industrial revolution | an important change in the way people work |
| natural resources | things-such as coal, ore, and water-that come from nature and help humans |
| capital | money used to start a business |
| industrialization | the process of getting machines to do work |
| economist | a person who studies money |
| manufacturer | a person who hires people to work with machines to make something to sell |
| mass production | a way of making large amounts of the same thing in a factory |
| transportation | the movement of people and things from one place to another |
| locomotive | a self-propelled vehicle that runs on rails |
| efficient | working well with little loss of time or energy |
| raw materials | the materials that are used to make things |
| labor union | an organized group of workers who try to improve their working conditions |
| internal combustion engine | an engine that burns gasoline to produce power |
| why England had so many workers | potatoes from the Americas & less land to farm |
| what capital is used for | to start a new business |
| What inventions helped the textile industry? | flying shuttle, spinning wheel, spinning jenny, spinning mule |
| Why did Manufacturers build factories? | to produce itmes more efficiently than in worker's homes |
| What problem did cotten workers have? | getting the seeds off the cottom |
| Who found a way to make steel? | Henry Bessemer |
| Who found a way of making iron with coke (purified coal)? | Abraham Darby |
| What canals were used for | shipping heavy items |
| what stema engines were first used for | pumping water out of coal mines |
| Who developed a steam engine that turned wheels? | James Watt |
| By 1800, how many steam engines were powering machinery in British factories? | more than 500 |
| Who is the founder of Railroads? | George Stephenson |
| What did Stephenson call his locomotive? | Blucher |
| How fast could Stephenson's 2nd locomotive go? | 30 mph |
| How did Britain try to stop the spread of industrialization? | by passing laws that controlled workers |
| What British factory worker snuck out of England with manufactoring secrets? | Samuel Slater |
| What did Lowell do for his factory workers? | taught them to read & write, gave them shelter |
| What problems did industrialization bring to cities? | garbage, crowding, sanitation, disease |
| What were some problems of factory workers? | dangerous machines, injuries, fatigue |
| What new sources of energy were discovered in late 19th century? | electricity & coal |
| Who invented the telegraph? | Samuel B. Morse |
| Who invented the telephone? | Alexander Graham Bell |
| Who invented the light bulb? | Thomas Edison |
| Who invented the internal combustion engine? | Gottlieb Daimler |
| Who used a gasoline engine to fly for the first time? | Wilbur & Orville Wright |
